| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Reasons for Ex-situ Conservation | 1/ Habitat deterioration, fragmentation, shrinkage 2/ Competition from invasive species 3/ Excessive hunting |
| Reasons for Ex-situ Conservation - Small Populations | 1/ Loss of genetic variation 2/ Inbreeding depression 3/ Demographic or environmental variability |
| ICUN Extinct in the wild; examples | 1/ Barbary lion 2/ South china tiger 3/ Abingdon Island tortoise |
| Ex-situ Conservation; Long Term Goal | Re-establish populations in the wild |
| Ex-situ Conservation - Short Term Goal | 1/ Species preservation 2/ Study basic biology 3/ Educate public |
| Ex-situ Conservation sites | 1/ Zoos 2/ Private breeders 3/ Protected areas |
| Ex-situ Conservation; Disadvantages 1 | 1/ Expensive 2/ Single species 3/ Population size 4/ Adaptation - gene selection towards ex-situ |
| Ex-situ Conservation - Advantages | 1/ 600 million visitors annually 2/ £5.7 billion raised annually |
| Przewalski's Horse; 20th century | 1900 - many captured & placed in zoos. 1969 - last wild horse sighted. 1992 - 16 horses released into wild. |
| Captive Breeding - Problems | 1/ Location 2/ Genetic diversity 3/ Behavioural issues |
| Artificial Insemination | 1/ Sperm collected from donor males 2/ Processed 3/ Chilled or frozen |
| Przewalski's Horse - 21st century | 2005 - 248 animals in the wild - status changed from 'extinct in wild' to 'endangered' |
| Embryo Transfer 1 | 1/ Female superovulated - eggs collected via laparoscopy 2/ Eggs fertilised in-vitro |
| Embryo Transfer 2 | 1/ Normal mating occurs 2/ Embryo collected from uterus |
| Embryo Transfer 3 | 1/ Embryo is frozen or implanted into non-endangered species |
| Reproduction - Egg-layers | 1/ Cross-fostering 2/ Artificial incubation |
| Ex-situ Conservation - Disadvantages 2 | 1/ Learning skills - parent to young 2/ Narrow gene pool 3/ Surplus animals |
| Reproductive Methods 2 | 1/ Cloning 2/ Reverse vasectomy 3/ Cryogenetics |
| Ethics | Inability to readapt to wild conditions - victory for the species? |
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