Greece athens Persia A.J. Sanz
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15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cyrus The Great | Remarkable leader that managed to unite the Persians into a powerful kingdom. He conquered Babylon, Asia Minor, Canaan, Mesopatamia, Syria, and Phoenician cities. |
| Darius | Came into throne in 521 B.C. and reorganized the government to make it work better in Persia. |
| satrapies | 20 different provinces divided by Darius. |
| satrap | meaning "protector of the kingdom" acted as judge, tax collector, and Chief Police. |
| Immortals | 10,000 specially tarined soldiers who were paid full-time by Persian government and gaurded the king. Called Immortals because when a member died they were immediately replaced. |
| Zoroastrianism | Founded by Zoroaster. Believed in one God as creator of all things and aforce of goodness. |
| Marathon | an area nearby Greece where 20,000 Persians soldiers waited. |
| Xerxes | Son of Darius. Became Persian king and swore on revenge on Greece for killing his father. Sent an all out attack on Greece. |
| Leonidas | King of Sparta when Persia attacked. Served as general when Athens and Sparta teamed up with each other when the Persians attacked. |
| Themistocles | Athenian navy general who had a plan to fight the Persians and win the war. |
| Themistocles's plan | To attack Persian ships and cut off food supply from Persian army. This strategy was succesful. |
| Thermopylae | A narrow path through the mountains were 7,000 Greek soldiers held off the Persians for two days. |
| Greek advantages | Thermopylae, home field, hills, and alliances. Better body armor, longer spears, and more intense training. |
| Salamis | A strait were the first Greek fleet attacked and nearly destroyed the whole Persian fleet, still the Persian army marched on. |
| Plataea | Northwest of Athens, Here the Greek army crushed the Persian Empire. The battle was a turning point for greeks and convinced the Persians to retreat to Asia Minor. |
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