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bicameral Congress is a ________ legislature. 2 A term in the House is _ years. 6 A term in the Senate is _ years. 112th The ___ congress began its term in January, 2011 & is currently in its second session. President Who can call congress for a special session? Allyson Schwartz Who is the representative for the 13th district of Pennsylvania, who also used to be a state legislature? Michael Fitzpatrick Who represents the 8th district? 435 At what number is the House of Representatives fixed at? Reapportionment Act (1929) What fixed the House of Representatives at a certain number? 65 How many individuals made up the original House of Representatives? 1 Each State is entitled to how many Representatives? 19 How many representatives does Pennsylvania have? Florida, Arizona, Pennsylvania Name the three States in order with the highest elderly population. Brain Drain What is the term for when students go out of State for college? 10 census Seats are reapportioned in the House every __ years in a _____. at large; single-member districts Initially State Representatives were chosen __ ______ instead of the _____ ______ ______ that we have today. Contiguous territory Each district must be a _____ _____ and have roughly the same population (about 700,000). 535 How many people make up Congress? Must be at least 25yrs., must be a citizen for 7yrs., must live in represented State, customary to live in district What are the four formal qualifications for House members? Party identification, name familiarity, gender, ethnicity, experience, education, money Name 7 informal qualifications for House members. Upper House What is the Senate often called? 100 How many senators make up the senate? Face Time Senators tend to focus on _____ _____. Contiguous body The Senate is a ______ ___ in which 33 or 34 senators' terms expire every 2 years. Prefered by voters, downgrades seniority and favors talent, increases competition, greater voter participation, reduces wasteful spending, encourages lower taxes, breaks ties with interst groups Name 7 pros to having terms in Congress. Terminates good politicians with the bad, encourages poor performance, reform of procedure would be better, loss of experience, reduces the range of voter choice, increases power of staff and lobbies and bureacy, can't keep promises Name 7 cons to having terms in Congress. Bob Casey Jr. Democrat Pennsylvania's Sr. Senator ___ ____ __ belongs to the ______ party. Pat Toomey; republican Pennsylvania's junior Senator ___ ______ belongs to the ________ party. at least 30yrs old, citizen for 9 years, must live in represented State Name the three qualifications for Senators. 240 How many Republicans are in the House? 192 How many Democrats are in the House? 2 How many Independents are in the Senate? 57 How many Democrats are in the Senate? 41 How many Republicans are in the Senate? 3 How many vacancies are there in the House? Daniel Innouye President Tempora and longest serving senator 362 How many men are in the House? 76 How many women are in the House? 55-60 In what age range are most members of the House? 1/3 What fraction of Senators have served in the House? 83 How many men are in the Senate? 17 How many women are in the Senate? 1962 What year was the Year of Women in which 5 women were in the Senate? Standing Committees Permanent committees that exists in house and senate. Oversight function _____________ ___________ oversees agencies in the executive branch. Censure When Congress scolds one of its members what is this called? $174,000, Tax deductions for offices and residencies, travel allowances, health insurance, pension, franking privilege, free parking in D.C., and immunity in civil cases Name 8 Salary Benefits of the Members of Congress. Junket Trip that a member of Congress would take to research a potential law. Strict Constructionists Supported the Anti-Federalists Strict Constructionists Believes protecting interstate trade and need for strong national defense is necessary. Strict Constructionists Believes that States should have more autonomy than the Federal government. Strict Constructionists Believes that each State should be able to protect rights within its borders. Strict Constructionists Believes that Congress should only exercise the expressed powers. Strict Constructionists Believes that as a new law becomes necessary, it should be included as a formal amendment. Strict Constructionists Believe in the practice of Judicial restraint. Loose Constructionists Another name for Liberal Constructionists Liberal Constructionists Supported the Federalists Liberal Constructionists Believe that the Constitution should be viewed as a "living document." Liberal Constructionists Believe that the powers of government should grow and expand over time. Liberal Constructionists Believe that National Government should be more powerful than the States. Liberal Constructionists Believe society's progress should be considered when interpreting the Constitution. Liberal Constructionists Believe the Framers only intended for the Constitution to be a "guide" for future government. Liberal Constructionists Believes that congress should exercise implied powers as new situations arise. Liberal Constructionists Believe in Judicial Activism.