chapter 8 Properties of the Hair and Scalp
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57 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 alopecia | abnormal hair loss |
| alopecia areata | the sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots; may occur on the scalp an elsewhere on the body |
| amino acids | the units of structure in protein |
| anagen | growth phase in the hair cycle in which new hair is synthesized |
| androgenic alopecia | male pattern baldness; hair loss charactersized by the miniaturization of terminal hair |
| arrector pili | minute, involuntary muscle fiber in the skin inserted in the base of the hair follicle |
| canities | technical term for gray hair; results from the loss of the hair's natural melanin pigment |
| carbuncle | inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci; similar to a furuncle but more extensive |
| catagen | the breif transition period between the growth and resting phase of a hair follicle |
| COHNS elements | the five elements that make up human hair, (carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur) |
| cortex | middle layer of the hair; a fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells, containing melanin pigment |
| cowlick | a tuft of hair that stands straight up |
| cuticle | outermost layer of the hair, consisting of a single, overlapping layer of transparent , scale like cells |
| dermal papilla | small, cone shaped elevation located at the base of the hair folliclethat fits into the hair bulb |
| disulfide bond | chemical side bond that joins the sulfer atoms of two neighboring cysteine amion acids to create cystine |
| eumelanin | melanin that gives brown and black color to hair |
| follicle | tube like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root |
| fragilitas crinium | technical term for brittle hair |
| furuncle | boil; acute localized bacterial infection of the hair follocle |
| hair bulb | lowest area or part of a hair strand; the thickened, club shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root |
| hair density | the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of scalp |
| hair elasticity | the ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without braking |
| hair porosity | the ability of the hair to absorb moisture |
| hair root | the part of the hair contained within the follicle, below the surface of the scalp |
| hair shaft | the portion of the hair that projects beyond the skin |
| hair stream | hair flowing in the same direction; the result of follocles sloping in the same direction |
| hair texture | the thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand |
| hydrogen bond | physical side bond that is easily by water or heat |
| hypertrichosis | condition of abnormal growth of hair; characterized by the growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grow only vellus hair also called hirsuties |
| keratinization | the process of being kertinazied; as newly formed cells in the hair mature, they fill up with kertain, move upward, lose their nucleus, and die; the hair shaft is a nonliving fiber composed of kertinized protein |
| medulla | innermost layer of the hair, sometimes referred to as the pith; composed of round cells; often absent in fine hair |
| melanin | tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that gives natural color to the hair |
| monilethrix | technial term for beaded hair |
| pediculosis capitis | infestation of head lice |
| peptide bonds | chemical bond that joins amino acids to each other; also called end bond |
| pheomelanin | melanin that provides natural hair colors from red and ginger to yellow/blonde tones |
| pityriasis | dandruff; and inflammation of the skin characterized by the formation and flaking of fine, thin scales |
| pityriasis capitis simplex | technical term for scalp inflammation marked by dry dandruff, thin scales and an itchy scalp |
| pityriasis steatoids | scalp inflammation marked by fatty (greasy or waxy) types of dandruff |
| polypeptide chain | long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds |
| postpartum alopecia | temporary hair loss experienced at the conclusion of a pregnancy |
| ringed hair | variety of canities; characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand |
| salt bond | physical side bond that is broken by changes in the pH |
| scutula | dry, sulfur yellow, cup like crusts on the scalp in tinea favosa or favus |
| sebaceous glands | oil glands of the skin, connected to the hair follicles |
| sebum | fatty or oily secretion of the sebaceous glands which lubricates the hair and skin |
| telogen | resting phase; the final phase in the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed |
| terminal hair | the long, soft hair found on the scalp, also on legs, arms, adn body of both male and females |
| tinea | medical term for ringworm, contagious condition caused by vegetable parasites |
| tinea capitis | ringworm of the scalp |
| tinea favosa | ringworm caracterized by dry, sulfur yellow cup like crusts on the scalp, called scutula; also known as tinea favus or honeycomb ringworm |
| trichology | the science dealing with the hair , its diseases and care |
| trichoptilosis | technical term for split ends |
| trichorrhexis nodosa | knotted hair, characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft |
| vellus or lanugo | short downy hair that appears of the body, with the exception of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet |
| wave pattern | amount of movement in the hair strand; described as straight, wavy curly and extremely curly |
| whorl | hair that forms a circular pattern as on the crown |
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