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Solute substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution Solvent the portion in a solution in greater quantity Solution a homogeneous mixture Soluble describes a substance that will dissolve Insoluble a solute that will not dissolve Molarity a concentration unit expressing moles of solute per liter of solution Molality a concentration unit usually involved in colligative property determinations, moles of solute per kilogram of solvent Saturated a solution that has dissolved all the solute possible under normal conditions Unsaturated a solution that can dissolve more solute Supersaturated a solution that has dissolved more solute than is normal, usually due to increased temperatures. Precipitate an insoluble solute, often formed during a reaction Endothermic A process, either a reaction or dissolving, that absorbs heat. Exothermic a process in which heat is expelled Colligative Property a property that depends on the number of particles dissolved in a solution ie freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure Tincture a solution where alcohol is the solvent Hydrophilic water loving-mixes with water Hydrophobic water fearing or hating- does not mix with water- Miscible will mix Immiscible will not mix Osmosis movement of water through a membrane, usually based on concentration differences Isotonic having the same concentration Hypertonic a cell surrounded by a solution of higher concentration-water moves out of the cell- crenation Hypotonic a cell surrounded by a solution of lower concentration- water moves intothe cell and bursts it- lysis Effervescent the escape of a gas from a solution Deliquescent substances that absorb so much water from the air that they form a solution Hygroscopic substances that take water from the air Hydrate ionic compounds that are surrounded by water molecules CuSO4 * 5 H2O