Nailah Test Bank Ch 6
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Staphylococci never cause boils | Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? |
| Interferon | Which of the following is an antiviral substance produced by virus-infected cells? |
| Histoplasma capsulatum | Which of the following is a highly infectious fungus that often causes an acute pulmonary infection if fungus spores are inhaled? |
| Initial attack confers permanent immunity | 4. Which of the following statements regarding herpes infection of the genital tract is INCORRECT? |
| Production of endotoxins | Infections with viruses cause various clinical manifestations. Which of the following is NOT a manifestation of a virus infection? |
| Lymphokine production | Bacteria are identified and classified by various methods. Which of the following is NOT a method for classifying and identifying bacteria? |
| It prevents the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall by inactivating the bacterial enzymes that make the cell wall. | The mechanism by which penicillin acts against bacteria is |
| resembling important compounds required for growth by the bacteria. | An antimicrobial drug that acts by competitive inhibition acts by: |
| inhibits cell wall synthesis. | The most selective antimicrobial activity (toxic to bacteria but little or no effect on human cells) would be exhibited by a drug that: |
| pneumococcus (streptococcus pneumoniae). | Most cases of pneumonia are caused by: |
| paralysis. | Botulinum toxin causes: |
| Capsid | The fundamental structure of a virus consists essentially of a core containing a single nucleic acid enclosed within a protein coat. What is the outer protein coat called? |
| Virulence | Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to classify bacteria? |
| Pulmonary anthrax caused by inhalation of anthrax spores can be prevented by a short (1- to 2-week) course of antibiotics because the organism is sensitive to antibiotics. | Which of the following statements regarding the organism causing anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) is INCORRECT? |
| TRUE | Penicillin destroys microorganisms by blocking synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. T/F |
| True | A sensitivity test report indicating that a bacterium is resistant to an antibiotic indicates that the antibiotic is unlikely to be effective against the bacterium. T/F |
| TRUE | The immune defenses of the host are activated as viruses that invade cells produce new antigens and the body recognizes the antigens as foreign. T/F |
| TRUE | Our normal bacterial flora (in oral cavity, vagina, etc.) help protect us from infections by inhibiting potentially pathogenic microorganisms that attempt to grow in regions of our body occupied by our normal flora.T/F |
| TRUE | The incubation period is the interval of time between entrance of pathogenic microorganism into the body and appearance of disease symptoms.T/F |
| TRUE | Administration of an antibiotic may alter the patient's normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity, genital tract, and gastrointestinal tract and may predispose the patient to an infection with an antibiotic-resistant microorganism. T/F |
| FALSE | The growth of viruses is inhibited by the proper use of antibiotics |
| FALSE | Antiviral antibodies can combine with viruses within the cells, preventing the infection from spreading from cell to cell. T/F |
| toxicity, alteration of normal bacterial flora, development of resistant strains of bacteria | What are four adverse effects of antibiotics? |
| inhibiting cell-wall synthesis, inhibiting cell-membrane function, inhibiting metabolic functions, competitive inhibition | How do antimicrobial substances interfere with the bacterial cell? |
| The ability of an antibiotic to inhibit the growth of an organism isolated from a patient | What do antibiotic sensitivity tests measure? |
| Spherical, rod, spiral, corkscrew | Name the four principal shapes of bacteria. |
| A viral infection can occur without causing any symptoms or signs of injury to the infected cell(s). A viral disease occurs when an infection does cause injury and active symptoms in the host. | What is the difference between a viral infection and a viral disease? |
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