| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Desflurane | General anesthetic, Activate GABA-A receptor, Activate glycine receptor, Open Cl- ch, Inhibit glutamate effects, Inhibit nicotinic receptors |
| Nitrous Oxide | General anesthetic, Inhibits Ach receptors, Inhibits NMDA receptors |
| Propofol | General anesthetic, Activate GABA-A receptor at alcohol site |
| Thiopental | General anesthetic, Activate GABA-A receptor at barbiturate site |
| Midazolam | General Anesthetic, Activate GABA-A receptor at benzodiazepine site |
| Ketamine | General Anesthetic, Inhibit glutamate opening, Inhibits NMDA glutamate receptors at PCP site, Activates 2 pore domain K channel |
| Lidocaine | Local anesthetic, Inhibits voltage gate Na ch, Inhibits small unmyelinated C fibers and myelinated A-delta fibers |
| Triazolam | Sedative and Anxiolytic, Activate GABA-A receptor at alpha 1 sedation and alpha 2 anxiolytic subunits of benzodiazepine site |
| Zaleplon | Sedative, Activate GABA-A receptor at alpha 1 sedation subunit of benzodiazepine site |
| Secobarbital | Sedative, Activate GABA-A receptor at barbiturate site |
| Chloral Hydrate | Sedative, Activate GABA-A receptor at alcohol site |
| Hydroxyzine | Antihistamine, Sedative, Inhibit histamine-1 (H1) receptors in CNS |
| Ramelteon | Sedative, Activates melatonin (MT1, MT2) receptors in suprachiasmatic nucleus |
| Diazepam | Anxiolytic and Sedative, Activate GABA-A receptor at alpha 1 sedative and alpha 2 anxiolytic subunits of benzodiazepine site |
| Buspirone | Anxiolytic, Activate 5-HT1a receptor at presynaptic neurons in dorsal raphe and postynaptic neurons in hippocampus |
| Oxcarbazepine | Anticonvulsant, inhibit voltage gated Na ch |
| Clonazepam | Anticonvulsant, Activate GABA-A receptors at benzodiazepine site directly |
| Vigabatrin | Anticonvulsant, Inhibit metabolism of GABA, Inhibits reuptake of GABA to an extent |
| Tiagabine | Anticonvulsant, Inhibits reuptake of GABA, Inhibits GABA-T transporters |
| Gabapentin | Anticonvulsant, Activate GABA-B receptor, Inhibit alpha-2-delta-1 protein subunit of high voltage Ca ch, Activate inwardly rectifying K ch, Inhibit N-type Ca ch |
| Ethosuximide | Anticonvulsant, Inhibit T-type Ca ch in thalamus |
| Levetiracetam | Anticonvulsant, Inhibit N-type Ca ch in nerve terminals, Inhibit synaptic vesicle proteins (SV2A) |
| Despiramine | Antidepressant, Inhibit NE reuptake |
| Paroxetine | Antidepressant, Inhibit 5-HT reuptake |
| Venlafaxine | Antidepressant, Inhibit amine reuptake, Inhibit NE reuptake, Inhibit 5-HT reuptake |
| Mirtazapine | Antidepressant, Inhibit alpha-2 adrenergic autoreceptor |
| Buspirone | Antidepressant, Activate autoreceptor, Activate 5-HT1a/d presynaptic and postsynaptic receptor |
| Buproprion | Antidepressant, Inhibit DA reuptake, Activate D2 receptor |
| Trazadone | Antidepressant, Inhibit 5-HT2/1c postsynaptic receptor |
| Tranylcypromine | Antidepressant, Inhibit MAO-A brain enzyme, Inhibit Type B liver enzyme |
| L-Dopa | Parkinson's, Restore DA in DA neurons |
| Carbidopa | Parkinson's, Inhibit aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AAD) enzyme |
| Entacapone | Parkinson's, Inhibit Catechole-O-methyl transferase (COMT) enzyme |
| Ropinirole | Parkinson's, Activate DA receptor |
| Rasagiline | Parkinsin's, Inhibit MAO-B liver enzyme, Inhibit apoptotic cascade induced mitochondrial permeability |
| Trihexyphenidyl | Parkinson's, Inhibit muscarinic (M2) receptor in basal ganglia |
| Amantadine | Parkinson's, Inhibit NMDA glutamate receptor at PCP/Ketamine site |
| Istradefylline | Parkinson's, Inhibit adenosine-2a receptor |
| CoQ10 | Antineurodegeneration, Inhibit free radicals in mitochondrial electron transport chain |
| Creatinine | Antineurodegenerative, Activate mitochondrial function |
| Ibuprofen | Inhibit COX-2 enzyme |
| Haloperidol | Antipsychotic, Inhibit D2 receptor strongly |
| Iloperidone | Antipsychotic, Inhibit D2 receptor mildly |
| Thiodazine | Antipsychotic, Inhibit D2 receptors strongly, Activate antimuscarinic activity |
| Clozapine | Antipsychotic, Inhibit D2 receptors in temporal cortex and mesolimbic system |
| Lithium | Antipsychotic, Inhibit dephosphorylation of inosine-phosphate to inosine, Inhibit PIP2 synthesis, Inhibit DAG, IP3 2nd msger effects, Inhibit NT release |
| Methyphenidate | Stimulant, Inhibit reuptake of dopamine or NE in the CNS, Activate release of dopamine or NE in the CNS |
| Sibutramine | Stimulant, Inhibit 5-HT reuptake, Inhibit NE and DA transport |
| Atomoxetine | Stimulant, Inhibit NE reuptake |
| Modafinil | Stimulant, Activate hypocretin/orexin pathway |
| Orlistat | Stimulant, Inhibit lipase |
| Caffeine | Stimulant, Inhibit purine (P1) receptors, Inhibits adenosine (A1 and A2) receptors |
| Morphine | Opioid, Activate Mu opioid receptor in CNS and spinal cord |
| Tramadol | Opioid, Activate Mu opioid receptor, Inhibit serotonin reuptatke |
| Tapentadol | Opioid, Activate Mu opioid receptor, Inhibit NE reuptake |
| Buprenorphine | Opioid, Activate Mu opioid receptor partially |
| Butorpharol | Opioid, Activate Kappa receptor, Inhibit/partrially activate Mu receptor |
| Loperamide | Opioid, Activate Mu opioid receptor preferentially on the gut |
| Codeine | Opioid, Inhibit cough reflex |
| Naloxone | Opioid, Inhibit all opioid receptors |
| Alyimopan | Opioid, Inhibit mu opioid receptor preferentially on the gut |
| Capsaisin | Opioid, release substance P from neuronal stores |
| Sumatriptan | Migraines, Activate 5-HT1b presynaptic receptors, Activate 5-HT1d postsynaptic receptors |
| Ergotamine | Migraines, Activate 5-HT1 receptors |
| Botulinum Toxin | Migraines, Inhibit cholinergic neurons, Inhibit facial nerve reflex activation |
| Valproate | Migraines, Inhibit 5-HT2 receptors |
| CGRP Receptor Blockers | Migraines, Inhibit CGRP, Inhibit trigeminal nerve-nerve action, Inhibit release of kinins, prostaglandins, histamine |
| Dantrolene Sodium | Spasmolytic, Inhibit ryanodine receptor (RYR-1) on SR |
| Botulinum Toxin | Spasmolytic, Inhibit Ach receptor on muscles |
| Diazepam | Spasmolytic, Activate GABA-A receptor at benzodiazepam site on presynaptic neurons |
| Baclofen | Spasmolytic, Activate GABA-B receptor in CNS |
| Tizanidine | Spasmolytic, Activate alpha-2 adrenergic receptor on dorsal horn |
| Chlorphenesin | Spasmolytic, Activate GABA-A receptors in muscle |
| Chlorzoxazone | Spasmolytic, Activate central K ch currents in CNS |
| Cyclobenzapine | Spasmolytic, Activate neurons in locus coeruleus, Activate alpha-2 adrenergic receptors |
| Orphenadrine | Spasmolytic, Inhibit NMDA receptor, Inhibit Ca release |
| Riluzole | Neuroprotector, Inhibit glutamate neurotransmission, Activate NMDA receptors, Inhibit N-type Ca ch |
| Memantine | Neuroprotector, Inhibit NMDA receptor at PCP site weakly |
| Donepezil | Neuroprotector, Inhibit acetylcholinesterase in CNS |
| Tetrabenazine | Neuroprotector, Inhibit NE, DA, E release |
| Nicotine | Drug Abuse, Activate Ach Nicotinic receptors, Activate DA neurons in VTA, Activate GABA slightly, Activate glutamate neurons |
| Varenicline | Drug Abuse, Activate alpha-4-beta-2 subtype of nicotinic receptors in VTA, Activate alpha-3-beta-4 receptor, Activate alpha-3-beta-2 receptor, Activate alpha-6 receptor |
| Cocaine | Drug Abuse, Inhibit DA transport, Inhibit DA reuptake |
| Amphetamine | Drug Abuse, Inhibit dopamine transport, Inhibit DA reuptake, Inhibit MAO, Activate release of DA |
| Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) | Drug Abuse, Activate GABA-B receptor |
| Heroin | Drug Abuse, Activate mu opioid receptor |
| THC | Drug Abuse, Activate NMDA receptor, Inhibit presynaptic autoreceptor |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) | Drug Abuse, Inhibit NMDA receptor |
| LSD | Drug Abuse, Activate 5-HT receptor |
| MDMA (ecstacy) | Drug Abuse, Inhibit DA reuptake, Activate DA release, Activate 5-HT receptor |
Combine with other sets
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