Unit 8 Flashcards
Order by
64 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Fatalistic | -Doctrine where people can't do anything to help up coming events and its fate |
| Cholera | -Bacterial disease usually spread through contaminated water that causes diarrhea and dehydration and was caused by the sanitary conditions |
| Aspirants | -People who want to improve themselves or their position in society |
| Rheumatism | -Disorder that affects joints, muscles, and tissues caused by position and posture of a person which occurred in workers in the Industrialization |
| Syphilis | -Bacterial infection spread by sexual contact which causes sores in the genitals because of multiple partners in sexual activity |
| Dogmatic | -expression to one's belief, opinion, and moral beliefs about a certain subject |
| Metaphysical | -Studying and reasoning about a subject |
| Edwin Chadwick | -Health reformer who wanted unsanitary conditions to change by having new drainage and sewers in the city which would reduce illnesses and death |
| Jeremy Bentham | -Radical philosopher who believed in utilitarianism which states that policies should be made to help the"Greatest Number'' also as the Third Estate |
| Louis Pasture | -French chemist who studied brewers and came up with the germ theory |
| Robert Koch | -German doctor who studied bacteria's life cycle which lead to the conclusion that germs caused diseases |
| Joseph Lister | -English surgeon who was the first to come up with the concept of anti-bacterial medicine to apply to wounds |
| Napoleon III | -King of France which sought out to improve urban life and the likes of unemployment |
| Sigmund Freud | -Austrian neurologist who came up with his own theory about how the human minded acted due to ones childhood |
| Michael Faraday | -English chemist that established Electromagnetism, which is the force that makes electrical charges meet |
| Charles Darwin | -Believed that all organisms evolutionized into what they are now from their ancestors which were less capable and less limited to do many of the things the present organisms can do |
| Herbert Spencer | -English philosopher, biologist, sociologist, who came up with the cocept of natural selection, evolution, and sevival of the fittest all before Darwin did |
| emile zola | contributed greatly to the development of liberalization in France (1840 - 1902) |
| leo tolstoy | the russian author of "war & peace", his best known novel. he was famous for his novels & short stories (1828 - 1910) |
| miasmatic theory | idea that diseases such as the black death, clamydia, & cholera were caused by pollution |
| germ theory | an idea created by louis pasteur that macroorganisms are the cause of numerous diseases; it helped society gain an understanding of what they could prevent medically-wise |
| bacterial revolution | beginning in the 1870's, this was a time period in which medical workers worked to gain an understanding to cure & help sick people & gain knowledge in the medical field |
| electric streetcar | the electric streetcar was first developed in new york city by stephen dudley field, but provided europeans a cheaper & faster way to travel compared to horses & carriages |
| thermodynamics | physical science that is related to heat & other forms of energy, it was applied to physical & chemical science & engineering |
| realism | ideas that concern the philosophical truth of things; the opposite of romanticism which concerns the ideas of feelings, beauty of nature, & imagination |
| sociology | a social science that gives people an understanding of society & how it is structured; it is applied to social classes, law, & the social structure |
| evolution | the change of development over time & generations; applies to society, science & other forms of life |
| james hargreaves | a carpenter in england in the 1760's, he invented the spinning jenny, an invention created to help the process of spinning cotton |
| richard arkwright | an englishman who is responsible for the invention of the water frame, which went through the process of transition of water power, & was a leading development during the industrial revolution |
| samuel compton | an englishmen who helped the development of the spinning industry by producing the spinning mule, a machine that spun yarn |
| edmund cartwright | an englishman who was responsible for the invention of the power loom, a mechanical weaver |
| fatalistic | The belief that all events are predetermined and are destined to happen no matter what. |
| cholera | A plague that hit Europe in the 19th century. People became extremely paranoid of it even though there were other plagues that killed more and it led to society cleaning up cities to live in more sanitary conditions. |
| aspirants | People that want to accomplish a certain goal. |
| rheumatism | A virus that was also a cause to people wanting to live in more sanitary conditions. Causes creaking and joint pains. |
| syphilis | An STD that was spread due to prostitutes and the taking advantage of girls in coal mines. |
| dogmatic | People who are arrogant and who's beliefs are unproven. |
| metaphysical | A lot to do with dogmatic as metaphysical ideas are based solely on spectating. |
| Edwin Chadwick | Reformist who caused the health movement and was one of the 1st to make health concerns apparent to government. He believed poverty and disease went hand in hand. |
| Jeremy Bentham | Philosopher who felt that issues should be dealt with in a scientific ration way. His beliefs powered people to find solutions in scientific ways. |
| Louis Pasture | He discovered that head killed germs. This was extremely important as most of the water in England was polluted. He helped prevent spread of disease. |
| Robert Koch | Worked with bacteria and was able to isolate numerous bacterias and viruses. This allowed him to create vaccines. |
| Joseph Lister | He was a surgeon who was the 1st to take safety precautions during surgery such as cleaning and wound and equipment. This prevented infections. |
| Napoleon III | Emperor of France at the time of the industrial revolution. He declared war on the prussians and was unsuccessful and lost his position. |
| Sigmund Freud | Austrian neurologist who believed humans were irrational and their actions were driven by selfishness. |
| Michael Faraday | Chemist who led to the discovery of the generator. This was significant to the power of factories. |
| Charles Darwin | Explorer who was the 1st to set foot on the Galapagos Islands. He led to advancements in Science and his ideas opposed the beliefs of the churches. |
| Herbert Spencer | Philosopher who applied ideas of nature to society such as "survival of the fittest." |
| Luddites | They were a group of handicraft workers who attacked factories in England, smashing new machines that they thought were taking their job. |
| Factory Act of 1833 | This was an English law that limited the hours children over nine could work and required children younger to attend factory-run elementary schools. |
| Mines Act of 1842 | This was an English law prohibiting underground work for all women, girls, and boys under 10. |
| Combination Acts | These were English laws that outlawed unions and strikes, favoring capitalist business over skilled artisans. These were soon repealed by Parliament in 1824. |
| Utilitarianism | This idea was Jeremy Bentham's and he believed that social policies should promote the "greatest good for the greatest number." |
| Crystal Palace Exhibition of 1851 | Crystal Palace was the location of the Great Exhibition in London to show off Britain's industrial fair. |
| Chartist Movement | In this movement were people in the working class who wanted a reform in the government to allow them to vote. |
| Amalgamated Society of Engineers | They were a major craft union which represented skilled machinists. |
| Congress of Vienna | This was a meeting of the Quadruple Alliance-Russia,Prussia,Austria, and Great Britain- and it restored France to fashion a general peace settlement. |
| Carlsbad Decrees | These decrees were made to uphold Metternich's conservatism, requiring the German states to root out subversive ideas and squelch any liberal orginizations. |
| Liberalism | The principle ideas were equality and liberty; liberals wanted representative government and equality before the laws and freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and freedom from arbitrary arrest. |
| Laissez faire | This was a doctrine of economic liberalism that believes in unrestricted private enterprise and no government interference in the economy. |
| Nationalism | This was the idea that each people had its own genius and own specific unity and usually led to the idea to make an independent political state. |
| Corn Laws | These were British laws the prohibited the importation of foreign grain to benefit the aristocracy but made food prices too high for the poor to afford. |
| Battle of Peterloo | This was a protest that took place at Saint Peter's Fields in Manchester in reaction to the Corn Laws. The army came and killed people to break the protest. |
| Reform Bill of 1832 | This was a major political reform that increased the number of male voters by 50% and gave political representation to new industrial areas. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.