1.
appendicular skeleton: bones of the shoulder, pelvis, and upper/lower extremities
2.
articular cartilage: a gristle-like substance on bones where they articulate
3.
axial skeleton: bones of the skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone
4.
bone: specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes (bone cells); forms the skeleton
5.
bone marrow: soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones
6.
cancellous bone: same as spongy bone; mesh-like bone found in the interior of bones and surrounding the medullary cavity
7.
compact bone: tightly solid bone tissue that forms the exterior of bones
8.
diaphysis: shaft of a long bone
9.
endosteum: membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone
10.
epiphysis: wide ends of a long bone (physis = growth)
11.
flat bones: bones of the ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull
12.
irregular bones: bones of the vertebrae and face
13.
long bones: bones of the arms and legs
14.
medullary cavity: cavity within the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow
15.
metaphysis: growth zone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis during development of a long bone
16.
periosteum: a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone
17.
red bone marrow: functions to form red blood cells, some white blood cells, and platelets; found in the cavities of most bones in infants and in the flat bones in adults
18.
sesamoid bones: round bones found near joints
19.
short bones: bones of the wrist and ankles
20.
spongy bone: mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity
21.
yellow bone marrow: gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones; functions as storage for fat tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells
