Intro & Caries - PD
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74 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Head Start (1965) | Program provides dental services to preschoolers with F. need Allows kids to enter school on equal health basis. |
| Medicaid | 65+ to those with F. need. Insurance protection. |
| Forms of Dntl Health service (3) | 1. by Dr. & Dntl Pros 2. non-govt Dr. & Dntl Pros, partly funded by gov't 3. Dr & Dntl Pros employed by govt (Ex: Military) |
| Each stage of prevention has examples of (3): | Professional Community Individual |
| 3 Levels of Preventative Dentistry | Primary (prevents)-Motivate individual! Secondary (prevents progress) Tertiary (replacement; prevent loss of function) |
| 1ary prevention community | fluorinated H2O supply school fluoridation Fluo. supplement/mouthrinse programs school sealants Fluo. varnishes |
| 1ary prev. Professional | sealants apply topical fluoride diet council plaque cntrl programs dental caries activity test |
| 1ary prev. individual | Make Dr. Appt OHI Fluo. dentifrices self applied topical Fluo. products |
| 2ary prev. Pro | perio scaling |
| 3ary prev. Pro | prosthetics |
| Educational Process | 1. Know Pt. Needs 2. Get Pt. to express needs 3. Provide Pt. Motivation 4. Help Pt. set goals! 5. Activate goals 6. Repeat! -demo, -(Q)s, -different words 7. Evaluation |
| dental plaque | sticky layer of microorganisms/bacteria embedded in matrix. Begin @ cervical area & interproximally. May cause disease after 24 hrs. |
| Detersive foods | apples, toast=Deter Plaque! |
| Which Arch collects more plaque? | Mandibular! (think of salivary glands, plus gravity lets food rest on bottom) |
| How to detect plaque: | direct vision Explorer/Probe Disclosing Solutions |
| Why does lease amount of plaque collect on Lingual Maxillary teeth? | Occlusal & Incisal 3rds also retain less plaque! |
| 1ary etiological factor in dental disease? | dental plaque |
| Acid removes what in tooth tissue? | minerals |
| cariogenic | produce cavities |
| decalcify | remove minerals |
| Sugars + Cariogenic Plaque = | ACID formula |
| Acid + tooth surface = | CARIES formula |
| Fermentable Carbs(Carcinogenic): | plaque> bateria> acid formulation> pH decrease> demineralization! |
| Contributing factors to caries production: | 1. time starts immediately 2. pH of plaque 3. frequency of carb intake 4. tooth morphology (alignment) 5. saliva content 6. nutrition/diet 7. systemic factors 8. family habits 9. heredity |
| Is it better to have an Airhead or a Lollipop? | airhead-chew & get it out! pH level drops with every lick of a pop-no homeostasis |
| pH decreases after... | sucrose is in contact! 6.2-7.0 avg pH range |
| pH decreases in caries susceptible pt.s to what pH & will increase in how many hours? | pH 5.0; 2-3 hours |
| pH enamel demineralizes... | @ pH 5.0 |
| incipient caries | lil white spots-demineralized. Fluoride Tx will pause progress |
| protein helps to ... | neutralize acid environment |
| cariostatic | inhibits caries |
| Health Triangle | Physical Social, Mental |
| fat protective oily film | inhibits acid from getting to tooth structure (cariostatic; this is How protein helps) |
| Plaque mineralization | change from soft plaque to hard calculus deposit. Occurs quickly after plaque matures. |
| Avg Calculus formation= | 10-20 days |
| Mineralized plaque/Calculus: | 1. acquired pellicle formation (very 1st layer in plaque) 2. plaque formation 3. plaque mineralized/calculus |
| Which areas of which teeth are more apt to calculus? (b/c salivary glands 1st hit these areas) | Buccal of 1st molars, Lingual of Mandibular anteriors |
| tissue follows | Bone! |
| periodontitis | bone disease |
| gingivitis | inflamed gums disease |
| ANUG aka "trench mouth" (WWI) | Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis- too much bacteria @ interdental papilla. Quick onset, eats away @ gums, causes ulcers (that harbor plaque & food debris), swelling & dead oral tissues. Pseudomembrane! |
| Chronic- | long onset |
| Pseudomembrane | A false membrane that sometimes develops during infections-looks like real tissue but is usually mucus, fibrin, bacteria or immune system cells. |
| Systemic Diseases: | hormone imbalances pregnant gingivitis leukemia Ascorpic acid deficiency (lack of Vit. C-scurvy) Gingival Hyperplasia-dylantin Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis |
| Gingival Hyperplasia | Overgrowth of the Gum tissue, often in pt.s treated with Dylantin (controls epileptic seizures). |
| Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis | =gingivitis + stomatitis. Inflammed gingiva & oral mucosa. |
| Saliva= | source of minerals in SUPRAgingival calculus. |
| Gingival sulcus fluid= | source of minerals in SUBgingival calculus. |
| Calculus attaches to exposed Cementum (3): | 1. acquired pellicle 2. irregularities 3. direct contact |
| Traits of inflamed gums: | change in color, form, position surface of healthy gingiva="rete-peg!" |
| when plaque produces toxins... | they irritate sulcar epithelium (lining mucosa) which causes gingivitis! |
| alveolar crest- | most coronal part of alveolar bone-interproximal. |
| alveolus- | tooth socket |
| apposition- | formation new layer of tissue/structure |
| resorption- | destruction; loss of tissue/structure. |
| Cortical bone- | aka Compact bone! Dense; on Facial, Lingual surfaces of mandible & Maxilla. On Xrays appear very white! Outer Layer of Bone, where needed for strength! |
| Cancellous bone- | Most Interior of Max & Mand. Lightweight, spongey bone. On Xrays appear Web-Like! "Trabeculae" |
| Periodontium Unit= | gingiva, periodontal ligaments, cementum, alveolar bone. |
| 5 periodontal ligaments | Alveolar Crest Horizontal Oblique Apical Interradicular |
| White Lamina Dura- | healthy (on xray) Lines alveolus |
| material alba | lots of plaque (becomes mature) |
| periodontal ligament | specialized CT surrounds root & connects it to Alveolar Bone. |
| Plaque begins where? | @ Cervical areas & proximal surfaces |
| Distribution considerations-plaque formation | crowding, hygiene, prosthetics, supragingival, subgingival |
| Dry Socket | AKA Alveolitis! inflammation & Infection associated w/disturbance of blood clot after EXT! Clot is important b/c protects wound & is later replaced by granulation tissue, then bone! |
| Curettage | removing bacteria from pocket/lining of tooth! (soft tissue) |
| Root Planning | remove bacteria on cementum of tooth! (hard tissue) |
| gingivitis is | reversible |
| Periodontitis is | irreversible |
| Plaque: | 1.Acquired Pellicle 2.Bacteria collects 3.Plaque matures! |
| rete pegs: | fibers from bone to tissue. When healthy it is taunt, tight and stippled. Loss of rete pegs="loss of stippling"=1st step of gingivitis. |
| bulbous/swollen tissue area indicates | advanced gingivitis! shiny, smooth, red, bulbous tissue means Bacteria is underneath gingiva! No rete pegs, just smooth! |
| Pseudopocket | pocket of swollen tissue (measurement appears larger because of swelling) Pseudopocketing means swollen, not bone loss! |
| It's only a true pocket if ... | if bone is lost! |
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