Health Knowledge
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103 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Tertiary Care | A type of care that involves rehabilitation and restoration of an individual to maximum functioning potential following an acute illness. |
| Proprietary | A type of hospital that operates for a profit. |
| Medical Transcriptionist | Types medical dictation. |
| Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations | The most common agency to provide evaluations and inspections of healthcare facilities. |
| Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs) | The patient classification system set up by Medicare designed to help contain the cost of healthcare. |
| Director of Human Resources | The person in a health care setting who has the responsibility to recruit and interview applicants who wish to fill a position within his/her institution. |
| Military; U.S. Public Service; Veterans Administration | Types of hospitals controlled by the federal government. |
| Veterans Administration | Offers veterans certain medical care for a limited time following discharge from military service. |
| Inflation | Factor that has contributed to increased hospital costs such as increased wages, cost of supplies, and replacement of obsolete equipment. |
| Comptroller | Health care employee that is the business manager who supervises the business office and is responsible for the hospital finances. |
| Private Grants; Government Grants; Long-term Commercial Borrowing | Three external funding sources used to help finance hospitals. |
| Cicely Saunders, M.D. | The founder of the hospice movement. |
| Hospital Costs | Expenses incurred by hospitals in the treatment of patients. |
| Primary Healthcare | Type of health care that promotes good health and early diagnosis and prevention of disease through services provided by various members of the health care team. |
| Discharge Planning | Type of planning that includes nursing home placement, home care planning, transportation, referrals to community resources and follow-up. |
| Health-care Regulation | Methods designed to control the quality of health care as well as the cost of health care. |
| Tinnitus | Ringing in the ears. |
| Idiopathic | A disease or condition without a known cause. |
| Enuresis | Incontinence of urine, or bed-wetting, especially at night. |
| Cytotoxic | Pertaining to an agent that destroys or damages tissue cells. |
| Enzyme | An organic substance that initiates and accelerates a chemical reaction. |
| Occluded | Means closed, plugged, or obstructed. |
| Hematopoiesis | The normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow. |
| Ascites | The accumulation of serous fluid (edema) in the peritoneal cavity. |
| Alopecia | The absence or loss of hair. |
| Synergy | The process in which two organs, substances, or agents work simultaneously to enhance the function and effect of one another. |
| Ectopic | A pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterine cavity. |
| Diplopia | Double vision. |
| Infectious Parotitis | Medical term for mumps. |
| Mobile | The ability to move spontaneously. |
| Icterus | Jaundice or pigmentation of the tissues with bile pigments. |
| Hypertrophy | An increase in the size of an organ or body structure which does not involve tumor formation. |
| Sequela | An abnormal condition that follows and is the result of a disease. |
| Etiology | Referring to the cause of a disease. |
| Pertussis | Medical term for whooping cough. |
| Epistaxis | Medical term for a nose bleed. |
| Recidivism | A tendency to relapse or to return to a former condition. |
| Latent | Hidden, concealed, or not active. |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | The first drug law passed in the United States. |
| Ulcer | An open sore or lesion of the skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of necrotic tissue. |
| Toxicology | The medical/biological science concerned with detecting and studying poisonous substances and establishing antidotes. |
| Vericella | Medical term for chicken pox. |
| Drug Standards | Rules to ensure uniform strength, quality, and purity of drugs. |
| Stasis | Stagnation or standing still of normal flow of fluids. |
| Pharmacodynamics | The way drugs act on body cells. |
| Tuberculosis | Infection found by a Mantoux test. |
| Tactile | Pertaining to touch. |
| Amylase | Test usually performed if pancreatitis is suspected. |
| Antipyretic | Classification of drugs to treat a fever. |
| AL-ANON | Support group for family members of alcoholics. |
| Bruxism | Unconscious grinding of the teeth. |
| Antecubital | Inner surface of the arm at the elbow. |
| Audiometer | Instrument used to test hearing. |
| 15 | How many grains equal one gram? |
| Enteric Coated | A tablet that doesn't dissolve until it reaches the small intestine. |
| Antitussive | A drug that stops coughing. |
| Parotid Gland | Gland located in front of and below the ear. |
| Glomerulus | The cluster of capillaries located at one end of the nephron. |
| Emphysema | Chronic lung disease characterized by over distention of the alveolar sacs and inability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
| Menarche | The onset of menstrual periods. |
| Ileocecal | The valve between the small and large intestine. |
| Parathyroid | Gland that produces a hormone which regulates the amount of calcium dissolved in the circulating blood. |
| Spirometer | Instrument used to measure the volume of exhaled air. |
| Conjunctiva | Membrane that lines the eyelids. |
| Thyroxin | Hormone that regulates the metabolic rate of body cells. |
| Saphenous | The longest vein in the body. |
| Dura Mater | The outer membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. |
| Acetabulum | The hip socket into which the head of the femur articulates. |
| Olecranon Process | Projection of the ulna known as the elbow or "funny bone." |
| Alpha and Beta | The two types of cells in the islets of Langerhans that produce hormones. |
| Flexion | The movement in certain types of joints that decreases the angle between two adjoining bones. |
| Cytoplasm | The protoplasm inside the cell membrane. |
| Glucocorticoids; Mineralocorticoids; Androgens | The three types of hormones produced in the adrenal cortex. |
| Pituitary Gland | The master gland. |
| Ligaments | Bands of connective tissue that connect bones together. |
| Epinephrine | Hormone that stimulates the "fight or flight" response to an emergency. |
| Monosaccharides | The desired end products of carbohydrate digestion. |
| Incomplete Protein | A protein that is deficient in one or more essential amino acids. |
| Pineal Body | A gland-like structure in the brain that is shaped like a pine cone, located in a pocket near the corpus callosum. The exact function of the gland is unknown. |
| The Brain | The location of the Circle of Willis. |
| Trichinosis | Disease that can be caused by a parasite sometimes found in pork. |
| Vagus Nerve | Known as the pneumogastric or 10th cranial nerve; has both motor and sensory functions and a wider distribution than any of the other cranial nerve. |
| The Liver | Where is vitamin A stored? |
| Pneumothorax | The presence of air in the pleural cavity. |
| Ventilation | Inspiration and expiration. |
| Provide Energy; Build and Repair Body Tissues; Regulate and Control Chemical Processes | Three functions of food. |
| Joseph Lister | Originated the use of carbolic acid on wounds to kill microorganisms and prevent infection. |
| Florence Nightingale | The founder of modern nursing. |
| Anton von Leeuwonhoek | Invented the microscope and established that there was life smaller than the eye could see. |
| Robert Koch | The "father of microbiology." |
| Louis Pasteur | Discovered that microorganisms are everywhere and invented the process of pasteurization. |
| Wilhelm Roentgen | Discovered X-rays. |
| Receptive Aphasia | A language disorder, due to brain damage, in which the client cannot understand what is being said to him/her either through written or spoken words. |
| Dysarthria | Weakness or paralysis of muscles of the lips, tongue, and throat due to brain damage from a stroke or accident. |
| Jargon | A specialized or technical language of a trade, a profession, or a group of people. |
| Assessment | An appraisal of the whole person to establish a baseline and determine the client's potential and his need for help. |
| Patient's Rights | Receiving information necessary to give informed consent prior to the start of any procedure or treatment is guaranteed under this... |
| Inflection | Term that denotes the "pitch" of a voice. |
| General Lead | A therapeutic communication technique which encourages the speaker to continue talking about a subject. |
| Phonetics | The science of speech and pronunciation. |
| Optical Scanners | Machines that can scan a document and read the printed text. |
| Reassuring Cliches | Implies trite or pat answers which tend to minimize the significance of the patient's feelings. |
| Ethnocentrism | An attitude by some that their cultural ways of doing things are superior to other groups. |
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