| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Biomass | the total mass of all living matter on Earth, which is made up mostly of |
| carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus | Living organisms get ________from their environments |
| food webs | All of the elements essential to life flow through food webs that are part of natural |
| carbon cycle | ____________ describes how carbon moves from the atmosphere into plants |
| fossil fuels | Carbon is released into the atmosphere when _________ burn, releasing carbon that was part of ancient organisms |
| nitrogen cycle | In the __________, nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen from Earth's |
| water. | In addition to the elements that make up living tissue, living organisms cannot |
| plasma, | The liquid portion of blood |
| more | Water requires______ heat than other liquids to change temperature |
| less | Solid water is _____ dense than liquid water |
| polar | . Water is a ______molecule, which makes it an excellent solvent for other____ |
| nonpolar | A ___________molecule is a molecule that shares electrons equally and does not |
| hydrogen bonds, | Weak attractions between water molecules, called___________ give water |
| organic compound | . An____________---is one of a large group of compounds that always contain |
| organic | . Most of the compounds in living cells are _________compounds, but not all carbon |
| carbon | Able to form four covalent bonds, __________ can form short chains, long chains, |
| double | Carbon is unusual because it can form _______ and triple covalent bonds. |
| hydrocarbons | Molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called ___________ |
| long | Because carbon can form bonds with other atoms, it can form ______ chains. |
| saturated | A ________ hydrocarbon is a compound that contains only single covalent |
| unsaturated | An ___________hydrocarbon is a compound that contains at least one double |
| functional group | A ___________ is a group of atoms that replaces a hydrogen atom in organic |
| alcohol. | A hydrocarbon substituted with a hydroxyl functional group is called an _____ |
| amino acid | An _________- is a member of a class of organic compounds that are the basic |
| 20 | there are _____ common amino acids |
| polymer | A ________is a large molecule formed from repeated combinations of smaller |
| monomer | A ___________is a small molecule that forms a link in a polymer chain and can be |
| biomolecule. | A large organic molecule found in living organisms is called a _______ |
| nucleic acid | A ________-is a biomolecule that is found in all plant and animal cells and can |
| lipids | _______are biological compounds, including fats and oils, that are not soluble in |
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