| Term | Definition |
| alliteration | repition of initial consonant sounds |
| allusion | indirect reference |
| simile | like or as is used to make a comparison |
| metaphor | making a comparison without using like or as |
| onomatopoeia | use of words that imitate sounds |
| assonance | repition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in two or more stressed syllables |
| consonance | correspondence of consonants |
| imagery | descriptive or figurative language used in literature to create words pictures for the leader |
| personification | type of figurative language in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics |
| rhyme scheme | regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem |
| couplet | pair of rhyming lines |
| speaker | imaginary voice assumed by the writer of a poem |
| sonnet | 14 line poem, usually with iambic pentameter |
| connotation | an idea that is implied or suggested |
| denotation | the dictionary meaning, independent of other associations that the word may have |
| hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration or overstatement |
| oxymoron | figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms |
| symbolism | anything that stands for or represents something else |