Kansas State Assessment Vocabulary Review
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64 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Canal | A man made waterway |
| Labor Cost | The wages, taxes, and extra benefits a business must pay to or for the employees |
| Resource Distribution | Giving out resources such as land, water, minerals, money among certain states, countries, or other areas |
| Consumption | (economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing |
| irrigation | supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc |
| region | an area with common features that set it apart from other areas |
| diversion | a noncriminal alternative to trial, usually featuring counseling, job training, and educational opportunities |
| independence | freedom from control or influence of another or others |
| boycott | a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies |
| ratification | formal approval |
| levee | An embankment beside a river or stream or an arm of the sea, to prevent overflow. |
| declaration | a formal public statement |
| distribution | the act of distributing or spreading or apportioning |
| Jim Crow Laws | Limited rights of blacks. Literacy tests, grandfather clauses and poll taxes limited black voting rights |
| benefits | Compensation in forms other than direct payment |
| location advantage | : A business is said to have a Location Advantage when, because of its location, it can supply its customers with some product more cheaply than its competitors can. |
| embargo | (n.) an order forbidding the trade in or movement of commercial goods; any restraint or hindrance; (v.) to forbid to enter or leave port; to forbid trade with |
| climate | Overall weather in an area over a long period of time |
| incentive | an additional payment (or other remuneration) to employees as a means of increasing output |
| antifederalist | name given to those who were against the ratification of the Constitution |
| federalist | Supporters of the Constitution |
| annex | to add on |
| trade organization | Composed of members who have the same or similar occupation. |
| aqueduct | a conduit that resembles a bridge but carries water over a valley |
| trade network | a system of people in different lands who trade goods back and forth |
| juvenile | young or immature |
| sectionalism | loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole |
| compromise | an accommodation in which both sides make concessions |
| due process | principle in the Fifth Amendment stating that the government must follow proper constitutional procedures in trials and in other actions it takes against individuals |
| interdependence | a relationship between countries in which they rely on one another for resources, goods, or services |
| cotton Gin | a machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states. Each state would use popular sovereignty to decide what to do about slavery. People who were proslavery and antislavery moved to Kansas, but some antislavery settlers were against the Act. This began guerrilla warfare. |
| Land Speculation | Buy at low price/hold onto it, let land rise in price as civilization grows/sell for profit: caused for a lot of deserted land in West |
| exoduster | several thousand African Americans settlers who moved from the South to the West (Kansas) after the Civil War |
| populism | political movement founded in the 1890s representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other large industries |
| immigrant agent | people paid in land or money to relocate settlers to an area |
| emancipation proclamation | Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free |
| Fred Harvey | entrepreneur who created a series of restaurants and hotels along the railroad line |
| Ku Klux Klan | founded in the 1860s in the south; meant to control newly freed slaves through threats and violence; other targets: Catholics, Jews, immigrants and others thought to be un-American |
| Frederick Douglass | Former slave who became a leading abolitionist speaker |
| 15th Amendment | citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude |
| 14th Amendment | Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws. |
| 13th Amendment | abolished slavery |
| Sharecropping | Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. |
| Shelter belt | A row of trees planted as a windbreak to reduce soil erosion of agricultural land |
| Indian Removal Act 1830 | Passed by Congress under the Jackson administration, this act removed all Indians east of the Mississippi to an "Indian Territory" where they would be "permanently" housed. |
| assimilation | Process of less dominant cultures losing their culture to a more dominant culture |
| Dust Storm | strong winds that carry clouds of sand and dust across an area |
| Black Codes | laws passed in the southern states during reconstruction that greatly limited the freedom and rights of African Americans |
| stubble mulch | leaving the stubble or crop residue in place on the land as a surface cover during a fallow (off )period. Stubble-mulching can prevent erosion from wind or water and conserve soil moisture. |
| depletion | The loss of water from surface water reservoirs or groundwater aquifers at a rate greater than that of recharge. |
| terracing | carving small, flat plots of land from hillsides to use for farming |
| abolitionist | a person who wanted to end slavery |
| underground Railroad | A system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South to freedom in the North |
| society | a community of people who share a common culture |
| popular Sovereignty | basic principle of the american system of government which asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can exist only with the consent of the governed |
| Louisiana Purchase | territory in western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million |
| Alien and Sedition Act | Laws passed that made it a crime to criticize the government and its Federalist policies |
| Jayhawkers | People in Kansas who were anti-slavery and willing to use violence |
| Bushwackers | aggressors from Missouri who radied antislavery settlements in Kansas |
| Border Ruffians | pro slavery voters from Missouri who voted in Kansas for the first territorial legislature |
| interchangeable parts | uniform pieces that can be made in large quantities to replace other identical pieces |
| Judicial Review | The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional as a result of Marbury v Madison |
| ratify | to approve |
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