Chapter 9 - The Cardiovascular System
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Created by:
Bettygrl09 on February 22, 2012
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arteri/o | artery |
| ather/o | fatty |
| atri/o | atrium |
| brady- | slow |
| cardi/o | heart |
| corno/o | crown; encircling, such as in the coronary blood vessels encircling the heart |
| -ectasis | dilation |
| electr/o | electrical |
| -emia | blood |
| endo- | inner, inside |
| -gram | written record |
| hem/o; hemat/o | blood |
| my/o | muscle |
| peri- | around, surrounding |
| phleb/o | vein |
| -stenosis | a narrowing |
| tachy- | fast |
| tens- | pressure (hyper/tens/ion) |
| thromb/o | clot |
| valv/o, valvul/o | valve |
| varic/o | dilated; from the Latin word varix ("a dilated vein") |
| vas/o | vessel |
| veno- | vein |
| ventricul/o | ventricle |
| endocardium | innermost layer of the heart |
| myocardium | middle layer of the heart |
| epicardium | outermost layer of the heart, innermost layer of the pericardium |
| pericardium | a sac that surrounds the heart |
| pulmonary circuit | the right side of the heart that pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and deposit wastes |
| systemic circuit | the left side of the heart that pumps the oxygenated blood to all other parts of the body |
| septum | walls of the heart |
| tricuspid valve | the right atrioventricular valve, has three cusps or flaps that open and close; controls the opening between the right atrium and right ventricle |
| bicuspid valve | the left atrioventricular valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle; has two cusps or flaps that control blood flow |
| mitral valve | a bicuspid valve |
| semilunar | the exit valves, resemble half moons |
| sinoatrial node (SA node) | located in the upper posterior wall of the right atrium; sets the heartbeat; also called the pacemaker of the heart |
| atrioventricular node (AV node) | located on the bottom of the right atrium near the ventricle; transmits electrical impulses to the bundle of His |
| bundle of His | located at the top of the inter ventricular septum and travels down along either side of the septum; transmits impulses to the Purkinje fibers |
| Purkinje fibers | peripheral fibers that end in the right and left ventricles; stimulation from the bundle of His causes excitation of the ventricular muscles, resulting in contraction |
| systole | contraction |
| diastole | relaxation phase |
| heart rate | determined by how many times the heart beats per minute |
| pulse | the rhythmic contraction of the heart |
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