BIO 1108: Flowering Plant Vegetative Structures
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 epidermis | the outermost cell layer of the primary plant body |
| root hairs | tiny hair-like extensions that increase the surface area of the root allowing it to absorbs more water and nutrients |
| root cap | thimble-shaped mass of cells covering and protecting the growing tip of a root |
| apical meristem | group of undifferentiated cells that divide to produce increased length of stems and roots |
| cortex | spongy layer of ground tissue just inside the epidermis of a root |
| vascular cylinder | central region of a root that includes the vascular tissue-xylem and phloem |
| node | the area of a plant's stem from which the leaves grow |
| internode | a segment of a stem between two nodes |
| apical bud | A bud at the tip of a plant stem; also called a terminal bud |
| lateral (axillary) bud | meristematic area on the side of a stem that gives rise to side branches |
| cuticle | Waxy, protective layer that covers the stems, leaves, and flowers of many plants. Helps prevent water loss |
| cortex | the tissue forming the outer layer of a structure in a plant |
| pith | soft spongelike central cylinder of the stems of most flowering plants |
| vascular bundle | a unit strand of the vascular system in stems and leaves of higher plants consisting essentially of xylem and phloem |
| blade | especially a leaf of grass or the broad portion of a leaf as distinct from the petiole |
| petiole | the slender stem that supports the blade of a leaf |
| stomata | the small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move |
| guard cells | The two cells that flank the stomatal pore and regulate the opening and closing of the pore |
| mesophyll | The ground tissue of a leaf, sandwiched between the upper and lower epidermis and specialized for photosynthesis |
| vein | in plants, a cluster of vascular tissue in leaves |
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