Chapter 31: Sulfonamides
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the action of Sulfonamides? | Inhibit bacterial synthesis of folic acid |
| Are sulfonamides bacteriostatic or bacterialicidal? | Bacteriostatic |
| What do sulfamonamides fight against? | Gram negative bacteria |
| What are the uses for Sulfonamides? | -Respiratory infection -UTI -Gonorrhea -Chlaymdia -Meningitis |
| What are the routes for Sulfonamides? | Oral, IV, topical, ophthlamic (eye ointment) |
| When would an eye ointment be best used? | On a baby |
| What is an example of short-acting Sulfonamides? | Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) |
| What is an example of intermediate-acting sulfonamides? | Sulfamethoxazole (Gantanol) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) |
| What are the side effects of Sulfonbamides? | -GI distress, stomatitis, photosensitivity -Crystalluria, renal failure -Blood dyscrasias, Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
| What are the nursing interventions for Sulfonamides? | -Increase fluid intake -Renal function -Check BUN, creatine, CBC -Monitor for rash -Avoid during third trimester -Superinfection -Avoid anatacids |
| What does Trimethoprim do? | Interferes with bacterial folic acid synthesis |
| Trimethoprim is effective against what? | Gram Negative |
| Trimethorpim is combined with Sulfamethoxazole to have what kind of effect? | Synergistic |
| What are two examples of TMP/SMZ drugs? | Bactrum and Septra |
| What do TMP/SMZ drugs treat? | -UTI -Bronchitis -Pneumonia -Otitis Media |
| What are the routes for TMP/SMZ drugs? | Oral and IV |
| What are the drug interactions for TMP/SMZ? | -Warfarin - Cumadin --Increase in anticoagulation (increases it) - increases inability to clot (bleed for) --Monitor I&R, PR time -Oral hypoglycemic drugs - Metformin (makes blood glucose levels decrease) --Monitor blood sugar --Sulfa drugs can make blood glucose levels drop even more |
| What are the side effects for TMP/SMZ drugs? | -Crystauria -Rash -Stomatitis GI distress -Photosensiotivity -Fatigue -Depression -Headache and dizziness |
| What are the adverse reactions to TMP/SMZ? | -Mess with blood disorder (dyscarsias) -Steven's-Johnson syndrome -Renal failure |
| Who are the worst people to put on sulfa drugs? | People on dialysis |
| What are some nursing interventions for Sulfonamides? | -Give 1 hour before or 2 hours after -Give with a full glass of water -Increase fluid intake -Monitor for sore throat, bleeding, bruising, CBC -Check for superinfection -Advise not to take anatacids -Avoid direct sunlight |
| What do you do during the assessment phase? | Gathering data (e.g., checking for allergies, medical history, what medications they are on) |
| What do you do during the planning phase? | -Plan of action -Establishing goals -Future tense |
| What do you do during the Implementation phase? | DOING things (e.g., administering drug, documenting, observing for signs of infection) |
| What do you do during the evaulation phase? | -Seeing if they have reached the planning goal -Effectiveness |
| Sulfa drugs may be used as alternative drugs for people who are allergic to what? | Penicillin |
| Sulfa drugs are not effective against what? | Fungal and viral infections |
| Sulfa drugs are poorly soluble in the urine which causes what? | Crystalization |
| After liquid tetracycline is ordered for a 2-year-old child, the nurse provides which most important instruction to the LPN who is administering the medications? | Withhold the drug until I telephone the prescriber |
| When planning care for a client receiving a sulfonamide antibiotic, what is a primary intervention? | Force fluids to at least 3000 ml/day |
| A client with type II DM is starts on (TMP-SMZ). Which nursing interventions is a priority for this client? | Assess blood sugar |
| Discharge teaching by the nurse for a client receiving tetracycline should include what instruction? | Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors |
| A client is prescribed carisoprodol (Soma) for relief of muscle spasms. The nurse instructs the client to avoid which drink while taking carisoprodol? | Beer |
| The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with myasthenia gravis who is experiencing a myasthenic crisis. What is the primary nursing intervention? | Maintain the client's airway |
| The nurse is caring for a client who is taking a barbiturate. Which assessment requires immediate action by the nurse? | Urinary output of 10 ml/hr |
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