| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Deoxyribose | a five carbon sugar |
| Phosphate Group | one phosphorus atom surrounded by oxygen atoms |
| Nitrogen-Containing base | a molecule containing a nitrogen atom |
| Nitrogen Containing Bases | Adenine,Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine |
| Purines | bases that have two rings |
| Pyramidines | bases that have three rings |
| Purines:example | Adenine and Guanine |
| Pyramidines:example | Cytosine and Thymine |
| Double Helix | the double-spiral structure of DNA |
| Complimentary base pairs | the pairing of bases in DNA. A-T, G-C |
| Adenine and Thymine are bonded with _ hydrogen bonds | 2 |
| Cytosine and Guanine are bonded with _ hydrogen bonds | 3 |
| Mutation | A change in the nucleotide sequence which may have a serious effect on cells |
| Ribose | the sugar molecule of every RNA molecule |
| mRNA | RNA molecules that bring information from the nucleus to the cytosol |
| tRNA | a single, hairpin shaped chain that bind to specific amino acids |
| rRNA | most common RNA. Consists of globular RNA nucleotides and composes ribosomes |
| Transcription | the process by which genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA |
| Genetic code | an association between a nucleotide sequence and an amino acid sequence which is used to translate mRNA transcripts into proteins |
| codon | combination of three mRNA nucleotides |
| translation | the process of assembling proteins from information stored in mRNA |
| Anticodon | a unit made up of three nucleotides that correspond to bases of an mRNA codon |
| Sex-linkage | the presence of a gene on a sex chromosome |
| linkage group | a set of genes on a chromosome that tend to be inherited together |
| chromosome map | a diagram that shows the linear sequence of genes on a chromosome |
| map unit | two genes that are separated by crossing over 1% of the time |
| germ cell mutation | a mutation that occurs in an organism's germ cells |
| somatic mutation | take place in an organism's body cells |
| lethal mutation | a mutation that can cause death |
| deletion | the loss of a piece of a chromosome,all information may be lost |
| inversion | breaking off and reattachment of a chromosome piece in reverse order |
| translocation | a chromosome piece that breaks off and is attached to another chromosome |
| nondisjunction | a failure of a chromosome to separate from its homologue during meiosis |
| point mutation | involves substitution, addition, or removal of a single nucleotide |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace
!