Protein Metabolism
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12 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Conditional Amino Acids | Can make from essential amino acids (Ex: tyr/phe) |
| Acquired Amino Acids | Become essential based on disease (Ex: PKU - tyr becomes essential b/c you can't make it from phe) |
| What is trypsin's role in protein digestion? | Trypsin activates almost all other proteases in intestine along w/ digesting protein itself. When no protein is left trypsin binds to intestine receptors to tell pancreas to stop releasing enzymes. |
| Where are amino acids absorbed? | Mostly proximal jejunum |
| How are macropeptides absorbed? | Transcellular: Via endosome through one side of the cell and out the other Paracellular: Through tight junctions between cells |
| What are BCAA used for? | Taken up into muscle to be used for the creation of new protein or to be catabolized into energy |
| Where does the liver get its energy from? | Oxidative deamination; half from a.a. catabolism |
| Transamination | Moving amino groups between compounds |
| Oxidative Deamination | Amino group removed and eventually attached to alpha-KG to glutamine acid and produces NADH |
| Albumin Roles | 1) Transports stuff in blood 2) Oncotic pressure |
| What is glutamine used for? | Most abundant a.a. released between meals when muscle catabolism of BCAA is increased; used as fuel source for mucosal cells, leukocytes, and macrophages; in normal conditions it is used as energy |
| Factors that increase Gout | 1) Alcohol 2) Fructose 3) High purine intake |
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