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project A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service or result. Project Management The application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. Process Groups - Initiating - Planning - Executing - Monitoring and controlling - Closing portfolio A collection of projects and/or programs and other work that are grouped together to facilitate effective management of the collection. The projects and/or programs need not be interdependent. Portfolio management Centralized management of one or more portfolios, including identifying, prioritizing, managing, and controlling projects, programs. program A group of related projects managaged in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually. A project may or may not be a part of a program, but a program will always include projects. program manager Manager of the overall program and projects. Project Management Office Provides a coordinated, specialized, and focused oversight of projects, portfolios, and programs. Provides: - Provide planning and prioritization of projects - Management training - Methodology development - Templates - Guidance to Project Managers operations Ongoing efforts an organization must undertake to sustain its core business. They are repetitive. project manager The person assigned by the performing organization to achieve the project objectives. Functional manager Manager focused on providing management oversight for an administrative area. PMBOK guide The standard for managing most projects most of the time across many types of industries. Enterprise environmental factors - Organizational culture, structure, processes - Government or industry standards - Infrastructure - Existing human resources - Personnel admin - Company work authorization systems - Marketplace conditions - Stakeholder risk tolerances - Political climate - Communications channels - Commercial databases - PMIS project life cycle Collection of generally sequential and sometimes overlapping project phases. Encompasses only those activities related to the project's purpose. Includes starting, organizing and preparing, carrying out project work, closing. product life cycle Generally sequential, non-overlapping product phases determined by manufacturing. Encompasses all the activities related to a product from inception unit it is divested. Project phases Activities that make up the project life cycle, connecting its starting point to its end point. Initiating, Planning, Monitoring and Controlling, Executing, Closing. Project governance A comprehensive, consistent method of controlling the project and ensuring its success. constraint limitation or boundary Sequential relationship A phase can only start once the previous phase is complete Overlapping relationship The phase starts prior to completion of the previous one. Iterative relationship One phase is planned at a given time and the planning for the next is carried out as work progresses on the current phase and deliverable. stakeholder An individual or organization actively involved in the project or positively or negatively affected by the project. They may exert influence over the project and can be either internal or external. Their responsibility can change over the project life cycle. Customers/users Persons or organizations that will use the project's deliverables. project sponsor The sponsor is a member of senior management who supports the project within the performing organization and ensures adequate funding and resources are made available. progressive elaboration Project is developed in steps and further refined in increments. management by projects Operational efforts are approached and treated if they were projects. why do projects end - Objective has been met - Objective cannot be met - Need no longer exists deliverable The outputs a project or phase. artifacts Items that support the creation of deliverable. project scope Detailed explanation that everyone has agreed up of the work. product scope Describes the characteristics and functionality of the product, service or result. sub-project A project broken down into smaller manageable elements. performing organization The entity that is performing the project work and managing the project. project initiator Initially proposes the project who is outside of the project team. triple constraint - time - cost - scope Kill points The end of phases. Also called phase exits, phase gates. Review of the deliverable and project as a whole, and this assessment may result in the project being discontinued. co-located project team members are physically located close to one another in order to improve communications, working relations and productivity. code of conduct a guide for practitioners in a profession that describes the expectations the practitions have of themselves and of others. pmis the collection of tools methodologies, techniques, standards and resources used to manage a proejct.