| Term | Definition |
| acid ionization constant | the term Ka |
| buffered solution | a solution that can resist changes in pH when an acid or a base is added to it; a buffer |
| chemical equilibrium | a state of balance in which the rate of a forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of products and reactants remain unchanged |
| common-ion effect | the phenomenon in which the addition of an ion common to two solutes brings about precipitation or reduces ionization |
| equilibrium constant | a number that relates the concentrations of starting materials and products of a reversible chemical reaction to one another at a given temperature |
| hydrolysis | a chemical reaction between water and another substance to form two or more new substances; a reaction between water and a salt to create an acid or a base |
| solubility product constant | the equilibrium constant for a solid that is in equilibrium with the solid's dissolved ions |