| Term | Definition |
|---|
| condensation reaction | a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule |
| copolymer | a polymer made from two different monomers |
| cycloalkane | a saturated carbon chain that forms a loop or a ring |
| elimination reaction | elimination reaction |
| ester | an organic compound formed by combining an organic acid with an alcohol such that water is eliminated |
| ether | an organic compound in which two carbon atoms bond to the same oxygen atom |
| functional group | the portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds |
| geometric isomer | a compound that exists in two or more geometrically different configurations |
| hydrocarbon | an organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen |
| isomer | one of two or more compounds that have the same chemical composition but different structures |
| ketone | an organic compound in which a carbonyl group is attached to two alkyl groups; obtained by the oxidation of secondary alcohols |
| monomer | a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer |
| natural gas | a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons located under the surface of the Earth, often near petroleum deposits; used as a fuel |
| organic compound | a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides |
| petroleum | a liquid mixture of complex hydrocarbon compounds; used widely as a fuel source |
| polymer | a large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers, or small units |
| saturated hydrocarbon | an organic compound formed only by carbon and hydrogen linked by single bonds |
| structural isomers | two or more compounds that have the same number and kinds of atoms and the same molecular weight but that differ in the order in which the atoms are attached to one another |
| substitution reaction | a reaction in which one or more atoms replace another atom or group of atoms in a molecule |
| transuranium element | a synthetic element whose an atomic number is greater than that of uranium (atomic number 92) |
| unsaturated hydrocarbon | a hydrocarbon that has available valence bonds, usually from double or triple bonds with carbon |
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