AP Euro Chapter 18 & 19 Facts and Terms
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taylorellyn on February 26, 2012
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49 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Old Regime | The Political and Social system that existed in France before the French Revolution |
| Parlements | 15 sovereign courts in the french judicial system that checked the king's ability to tax and legislate arbitrarily |
| Estates General | assembly of the estates of all France |
| Cahiers de doleance | list of complaints that the third estate representative brought when Louis XVI call the estates general |
| Tennis Court Oath | The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France, conducted foreign policy, and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. |
| Committee of Public Safety | The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France, conducted foreign policy, and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795. |
| Reign of Terror | the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed |
| Night of August 4, 1789 | date of the declaration by liberal noblemen of the National Assembly at a secret meeting to abolish the feudal regime in France. |
| Assignates | French new money. Backed by confiscated church land. Too many were printed and inflation ensued. |
| Emigres | French nobility who fled country to escape the Revolution |
| sans culottes | in the French Revolution, a radical group made up of Parisian wage-earners, and small shopkeepers who wanted a greater voice in government, lower prices, and an end of food shortages |
| Declaration of right of man of citizen | ... |
| Jacobins | Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794. |
| Levee en mass | Draft army during the reign of terror (1793) |
| de-christianization | During the Terror, The Catholic Church was linked to real or potential counter-revolutions. Religion was linked with the Ancient Regime, and Superstition, and so the Committee of Public Safety enacted measures to reduce its influence. IT included: New Calendar, aboloishment of Religious holidays, new names for months, 7-day weeks replaced with 10-day decades. |
| robespierre | French revolutionary |
| tallyrand | French foreign minister, Offered all of Louisiana to Americans; also involved in XYZ affair |
| girondins | Delegates in the National Convention who favored a republic but feared domination by Paris. |
| plebiscite | a vote by the electorate determining public opinion on a question of national importance |
| Code Napolean | Group of organized laws that got rid of the ancien regime gave legal equality and protection of property to people |
| continental system | Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding Importation of British goods Into Europe. |
| confederation of the Rhine | League of German States organized by Napoleon in 1813 after defeating the Austrians at Austerlitz. The league collapsed after Napoleon's defeat in Russia. |
| Treaty of Tilsit | Agreement between Napoleon and Czar Alexander I in which Russia became an ally of France and Napoleon took over the lands of Prussia west of the Elbe as well as the Polish provinces. |
| Holy Alliance | conservative, reactionary meeting, led by Prince Metternich, restore Europe to Prerevolution time |
| Congress of Vienna | conservative, reactionary meeting, led by Prince Metternich, restore Europe to Prerevolution time |
| Kant | influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804) |
| William Blake | visionary British poet and painter (1757-1827) |
| Goethe | This is the agreement between Pope Pius VII and Napoleon that healed the religious division in France by giving the French Catholics free practice of their religion and Napoleon political power |
| Hegel | German philosopher whose three stage process of dialectical reasoning was adopted by Karl Marx (1770-1831) |
| Concordat of 1801 | This is the agreement between Pope Pius VII and Napoleon that healed the religious division in France by giving the French Catholics free practice of their religion and Napoleon political power |
| Treaty Amiens | 1802, between France and Great Britain (Second Coalition had already ended at the Treaty of Luneville, 1801). This treaty settled peace with GB. For short period then, 1802 to 1803, there was peace - the only period of peace between 1792 and 1814, when no European power was at war with another. |
| Peninsular War | This war was the beginning of the end of Napoleon's Grand Empire after the Spanish rebelled against France for its independence |
| Metternich | Austrian foreign minister who basically controlled the Congress of Vienna. Wanted to promote peace, conservatism, and the repression of libaral nationalism throughout Europe. |
| Quadruple Alliance | This was the alliance between Great Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia after the Napoleonic era |
| Volksgeist | Idea created by J.G. Herder to identify the national character of Germany, but soon passed to other countries. |
| Herder | In 1784 in Germany, there was an onset of a new age of German literature. In a book, Ideas on Philosophy of History of Mankind this German, protestant pastor and theologian expressed some of the new beliefs. He thought the French frivolous and believed that true culture must spring from native roots and from the volt/ people. Importance of national character was stressed - the volksgeist. Thought all peoples should develop own genius in their own way. |
| Samuel Taylor Coleridge | English romantic poet (1772-1834) |
| Byron | English romantic poet notorious for his rebellious and unconventional lifestyle (1788-1824) |
| David | French neoclassical painter who actively supported the French Revolution (1748-1825) |
| careers open to talent | Policy under Napoleon. Was what the bourgeoisie had wanted before the revolution. In effect he sought to establish a meritocracy. However, this did not prevent him from appointing members of his family to very important posts. Except for this though, the new doctrine did give a boost to education and there was a total reorganization of secondary and tertiary education during these years and French schools now supported by taxes. |
| Horatio Nelson | English admiral who defeated the French fleets of Napoleon but was mortally wounded at Trafalgar (1758-1805) |
| Grand Duchy of Warsaw | Polish state created by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807 from the lands he took from Prussia. The Duchy was divided between Prussia and Russia at the Congress of Vienna. An example of Metternich's desire to return to a Pre-1789 Europe. An independent Poland technically existed but was given a Romanov dynasty. |
| Hundred Days | the special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months: 100 days. |
| Methodism | the religious beliefs and practices of Methodists characterized by concern with social welfare and public morals |
| Hegelian Dialects | Three step process of society developed by Hegel. A thesis (French Revolution) would cause the creation of an anti-thesis (Reign of Terror) and would eventually result in a synthesis (constitutional state with free citizens). Hegel used this classification only once and attributed the terminology to Immanuel Kant. The terminology was largely developed earlier by Fichte, the Neo-Kantian. |
| Madame de Stail | French speaking Swiss author who resided in Paris |
| Wordsworth | a romantic English poet whose work was inspired by the Lake District where he spent most of his life (1770-1850) |
| Schlegel | a romantic who praised the "romantic" literature of Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Shakespeare, Cervantes, and Calderon; he wrote Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature |
| Goya | Spanish painter well known for his portraits and for his satires (1746-1828) |
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