1.
atomic energy act: decided how to control and manage the nuclear technology
2.
berlin airlift: russia blocked off US access to berlin in order to prevent the US from gaining power
organized air lifts to transport goods and supplies to them
3.
brinkmanship: -supported containment
-pushed opposing side to the brink of war
-pressured until surrendering
4.
Comintern: an effort to infiltrate international widespread communism to gain world wide control
5.
containment: an effort to the expansion of communism
6.
dean acheson: designed marshall plan, truman doctrine, and NATO. Acheson recognized the negative impact if greece was lost from the marshall plan. this would lead to everything being controlled by Russia
7.
destalinization: elimination of stalin's influence
removed stalin from all public landmarks
8.
division of Germany: germany was divided into four zones
-france, US, Britain, russia
9.
dwight eisenhower: -created the new look
-supported containment
-ensured that a retaliation strike would be much worse than the attack
-ultimate goal: international peace
10.
geneva summit: start of relaxation of tensions
peace between nations
gave the opportunity for open surveillance on anything
established trust
11.
Geore marshall: -secretary of the state
-created marshall plan to help post war economic reconstruction
12.
george kennan: -politician
-father of containment
-believed in particularism
-wanted to ensure than no country could become dominant over another
13.
Harry Truman: -carried out the atomic bomb
-president at the end of WWII
-present at the Potsdam Conference
14.
hungarian revolt: hungarians standing up against destalinization
hated communism
wanted to be treated better
US did not defend them
15.
iron curtain: the division between russia and the US after the division of germany
-led to the us being completely shut out
16.
issue of Poland: -Russia realized they needed Poland to cooperate to their government because they were a threat to their security
-at the yalta conference it was decided that Poland would be allowed free elections
-russia did not want to allow that to happen
17.
john dulles: aggressively against communism
believed containment would keep US in same place
18.
Kennan's fundamental objectives of our foreign policy: 1) to protect the security of the nation without threats from foreign powers
2) to advance the welfare of its people, by promoting the nation to make the maximum contributions to other nations and derive maximum benefits from the foreign country's resources and abilities
19.
lend lease curtailment: truman agreed to lend the allied nations with money to fight the Nazis. after the war, they would stop giving money. This meant that the Russians needed the reparations from the war.
20.
Marshal Tito: -prime minister of yugoslavia
-after yugoslavia was invaded, the us defended them and saw his efforts
21.
marshall plan: economic restoration in europe
save europe from economic collapse
gave europe food, fuel, raw materials
24 million dollars
22.
massive retaliation: instant retaliation if there was ever an attack so the opposing side would know if they tried to attack, the US would fight back with as much if not more strength
23.
national interest: the nations need to create a world to promote the well-being of the nations foundations
24.
national security act: control over atomic bomb
once russia created an atomic bomb, america lost its military superiority
25.
NATO: strenthened North atlantic area to provide military support and international peace/security
26.
nikita khrushchev: leader to the soviets
against allowing US to surveillance materials
was aggressive in de-stalinization
27.
particularism: recognized that people will always create conflict where there is power involved. focuses on creating international alliances instead of fake friendships between countries
28.
Potsdam conference of 1945: -roosevelt, Clement Atlee, Stalin
-Germany was the problem
-It was decided that Germany needed to have a strong economy in order to sustain the US's current economy
-Russia wanted to keep Germany weak though to make sure it didn't become a superpower
29.
Reparations: -upon Germany's defeat, the US would receive $20 trillion. This would ruin Germany so they decided not to collect reparations
30.
sputnik: satellite aiming nuclear weapon at US at anytime/anyplace
31.
stalin: -russian leader
-wanted to keep russia strong, germany weak
-hated capitalism
-wanted international communism
32.
Stalin's goal: Russia strong; Germany weak
33.
the policy of the US before WWII: isolationism
34.
Titoism: -socialist group
-rejected communism
-refused to take orders from the Soviet Union
-led by Josip Tito the leader of Yugoslavia
35.
truman doctrine: provided economic aid to greece and turkey
used to fight off communism
36.
U-2 incident: soviets shot down american photgrapher
america recoiled its trust
american spy plane shot down
soviet captured pilot
37.
universalistic: if all countries would conform to the same structure of rules than all international conflicts would not exist (created the United Nations)
38.
Why is containment good?: -creates independent nations
-cost effective
-empowered the nation to know it was self-sufficient
-particularism was aimed at rebuilding economy
39.
winston churchill: prime minister of britain
argued against stalin
40.
Yalta Conference 1945: -roosevelt, churchill, stalin
-decided the future of Russia
-decided that Europe should be allowed to carry out their own government
-free elections
