Sociology Exam 2
Order by
50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Social Order | systematic exploration, description, and explanation |
| Exploration | search |
| description | what |
| explanation | prediction,generalization, why, cause & effect |
| Prediction | a logical statement about what will happen if the hypothesis is correct |
| Generalization | a conclusion that is used to make a broad statement about a topic or person |
| Inductive approach | 1.topic selection 2.data collection 3.find a pattern 4.generate hypothesis 5.test 6.replicate |
| Deductive approach | 1.topic selection 2.theories |
| causation | belief that you have reason for something happening |
| correlation | something happens simultaneously |
| time order | cause must be first to have an effect |
| controls/control variable | other factors |
| Common Sense Approach | the things that "everyone knows are true" |
| Scientific Approach | objective,critical, and empirical uses systematic research |
| Research Model | 1. select topic 2. define problem 3. review literature 4. format hypothesis 5.choose a research method 6. collecting the data 7. analyze results 8. share results |
| hypothesis | statement of what you expect to find according to predictions based on a theory |
| variables | factors that vary,or change, from one person or situation to another |
| operational definitions | precise ways to measure the variables |
| research method | means by which you collect your data |
| validity | operational definition must measure what they are intended to measure |
| reliability | if other researchers use your operational definitions, their findings will be consistent with yours |
| survey | ask individuals a series of questions |
| population | target group that you are going to study |
| sample | individuals from among your target population |
| random sample | everyone in population has the same chance of being included in the study |
| stratified random sample | into subsets each group properly represented in population EX) male/female |
| respondents | people who answer your questions |
| closed-ended questions | questions followed by a list of possible answers |
| open-ended questions | allow people to answer in their own words |
| rapport | feelings of trust |
| participants observation | researcher participates in a research setting while observing what is happening in that setting |
| case study | researcher focues on a single event, situation, or even individual |
| secondary analysis | researchers analyze data that others collected |
| documents | written sources of info |
| experiments | useful tool for determining cause and effect |
| experimental group | receive whatever is being tested |
| control group | do not receive any of what is being tested |
| independent variable | something that causes a change in another variable |
| dependent variable | variable that might change |
| unobtrusive measures | observing the behavior of people who are not aware that they are being studied |
| values | beliefs about what is good or desirable in life and the way the world ought to be |
| value free | values do not affect social research |
| objectivity | value neutral |
| detached observation | non-participantion secretly observe |
| Laud Humphrey | a sociologist in 1970 noted for the Tea Room trade. |
| random assignment/ matching | both groups are exactly the same |
| systematic random sampling | select by a set quantity |
| Ethical issues in research | confidentiality anonymous informed consent harm |
| content analysis | the systematic coding and objective recording of data, guided by some rationale |
| ethnographic research | A form of observational research that involves sending trained observers to watch and interact with consumers in their "natural habitat" |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.