Bio Ch 11 DNA
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Created by:
Greenemooney on February 27, 2012
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DNA and protein synthesis
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37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 DNA | Genes are made of |
| DNA | a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes |
| nucleotide | monomer of nucleic acids |
| nucleotide | Building blocks of DNA |
| covalent | The sugar of one nucleotide is bonded to the phosphate of another nucleotide with a _____ bond |
| hydrogen | The base of one nucleotide is bonded to the base of another nucleotide with a _____ bond |
| nucleotide | Building blocks of RNA |
| DNA | Genetic information is stored in molecules of |
| sugar, phosphate, base | each nucleotide has these three parts... |
| covalent | the three parts of a nucleotide are held together with _____ bonds |
| deoxyribose | In DNA, the sugar is ___ |
| ribose | In RNA, the sugar is ___ |
| pyrimidines | thymine (T) and cytosine (C) are called |
| purines | adenine (A) and guanine (G) are called |
| complementary | The bases that connect, or bond to each other are called _____ bases |
| sequence / order | Genetic information is stored in the _____ of the bases in the DNA |
| thymine (T) | In DNA, the "free" end of adenine (A) will bond to the free end of |
| guanine (G) | In DNA, the "free" end of cytosine (C) will bond to the free end of |
| double helix | The actual shape of DNA |
| twisted ladder | a double helix is like a ___ |
| replication | Is the ability of DNA to copy itself |
| Interphase | DNA Replication happens during |
| polymerase | any of several enzymes that helps with DNA replication, and mRNA synthesis |
| replication | the production of two daughter chromosomes that are identical to the original parent chromosome |
| uracil (U) | In RNA, the "free" end of adenine (A) will bond to the free end of |
| cytosine (C) | In RNA, the "free" end of guanine (G) will bond to the free end of |
| DNA | is double stranded |
| RNA | is single stranded |
| DNA | stays in the nucleus |
| mRNA | travels from the nucleus out to the cytoplasm |
| transcription | when the code from the DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA |
| translation | the process by which the "code" of the DNA is changed into a protein |
| a codon | Each group of 3 bases on the mRNA is called |
| an anticodon | Each group of 3 bases on the tRNA is called |
| mutation | A ___ is any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA |
| silent | A _____ mutation does not change the AA sequence in the protein |
| mutagen | any agent (physical or environmental) that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation |
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