Chapter 12 Vocab
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Created by:
ArticFoxJr16 on February 27, 2012
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Louis XVI | - King of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793. |
| Marie Antoinette | queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793) |
| The Estates General | legislative assembly by social class |
| The National Assembly | transitional body between the Estates General and the National Constituent Assembly |
| The Bastille | prison in Paris, stormed for weapons |
| Jean-Paul Marat | French revolutionary leader (born in Switzerland) who was a leader in overthrowing the Girondists and was stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday (1743-1793) |
| Emigre | nobles and others who left France during peasant uprisings and who hoped to come back to the old system |
| Assignats | Paper currency, the French churches were used as collateral -the first French paper currency issued by the General Assembly. |
| The Civil Constitution of the Clergy | subordinanted to the Catholic church to the government |
| George-Jacques Danton | Violent agitator in the early days of Revolution, was very unpopular with the public. A compromiser, he came to oppose what he considered the Revolutions excesses |
| Olympe de Gourges | a woman who believed that females should be entitiled to the Declaration of the Rights of men. Wrote the declaration for the rights of women. It was rejected |
| Jacobins | Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794. |
| San-culottes | urban lower class, butchers, brewers, weavers, etc. poverty showed in their dress with loose fitting trousers |
| Girondins | Delegates in the National Convention who favored a republic but feared domination by Paris. |
| Edmund Burke | A conservative leader who was deeply troubled by the aroused spirit of reform. In 1790, he published Reforms on The Revolution in France, one of the greatest intellectual defenses of European conservatism. He defended inherited priveledges in general and those of the English monarchy and aristocracy. Glorified unrepresentitive Parliament and predicted reform would lead to much chaos/tyranny. |
| Declaration of Pilnitz | the statment made by Austria and Prussia that they would attack France if anything happened to the King or Queen |
| Valmy | the French defeated the Austrian and Prussian troops in 1792 (with a famous cannonade from the French artillery) |
| Vendee | Counter revolution led by conservative forces (nobles, clergy, and the peasantry). |
| Levee en masse | Law that obligated all French men between certain ages to enlist in the army. |
| The Terror | period of violence marked by mass execution |
| Committee of Public Safety | revolt in the revolution against the Reign of Terror |
| Maximilien Robespierre | "The incorruptable;" the leader of the bloodiest portion of the French Revolution. He set out to build a republic of virtue. |
| De-christianization | During the Terror, The Catholic Church was linked to real or potential counter-revolutions. Religion was linked with the Ancient Regime, and Superstition, and so the Committee of Public Safety enacted measures to reduce its influence. IT included: New Calendar, aboloishment of Religious holidays, new names for months, 7-day weeks replaced with 10-day decades. |
| Thermidorian Reaction | The violent backlash in France against the rule of Robspierre that began with his arrest and execution in July 1794, or 9 Thermidor in the French revolutionary calendar. Most of the instruments of Terror were dismantled, Jacobins were purged from public office, and Jacobin supporters were harassed or even murdered. |
| The Directory | body of five Directors that held executive power |
| Eighteen Brumaire | the coup d'état by which General Napoleon Bonaparte overthrew the French Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate. This occurred on 9 November 1799, which was 18 Brumaire, Year VIII under the French Republican Calendar. |
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