| Term | Definition |
|---|
| what are the primary tissue types in the human body? | epithelial, connective, muscle, neural |
| what is extracellular matrix? | a matrix secreted by cells and provides support and a means of cell-to-cell communication |
| what is exracellular matrix composed of? | proteoglycans and insoluble water fibers |
| what are the three categories of of cell junctions? | gap junctions, tight junctions, anchoring junctions |
| function of gap junction? | allows chemical and electrical signs to pass directly from cell to cell |
| function of tight junction? | prevents the movement of material between cells |
| function of anchoring junction? | holds the cells to each other or to the extracellular matrix |
| function of epithelial tissues? | protect the internal environment, regulate the exchange of material, manufacture and secrete chemicals |
| what are the types of epithelial tissue? | exchange, transporting, ciliated, protective, secretory |
| what are exocrine glands? | glands that release their secretions into the external environment through ducts |
| what are endocrine glands? | ductless glands that release their secretions, called hormones, directly into the extracellular fluid |
| what are connective tissues? | tissues that have an extensive extracellular matrix that provides structural support and forms a physical barrier |
| what are loose connective tissues? | elastic tissues that underlie the skin |
| what are dense connective tissues? | tissues that have strength or flexibility because they are made of collagen |
| what is included in dense connective tissues? | tendons and ligaments |
| what is a function of adipose tissues? | to store fat |
| what is the connective tissue characterized by a watery matrix? | blood |
| what is cartilage? | solid and flexible tissue that has no blood supply |
| what makes the fibrous matrix of bone hard? | deposits of calcium salts |
| why are muscle and neural tissues called excitable tissues? | because of their ability to generate and propagate electrical signals called action potentials |
| what does muscle tissue have the ability to do? | contract and produce force and movement |
| what are the types of muscle? | cardiac, smooth, skeletal |
| what is included in neural tissue? | neurons and glial cells |
| another name for glial cells? | neuroglia |
| what do neurons do? | use electrical and chemical signals to transmit information from one part of the body to another |
| what are glial cells? | support cells |
| how does cell death occur? | by necrosis and apoptosis |
| what does necrosis affect? | neighboring cells |
| what is apoptosis? | programmed cell death that does not disturb the tissue |
| what are stem cells? | cells that are able to reproduce themselves and differentiate into specialized cells |
| where are stem cells most plentiful? | in embryos |
| where else are stem cells found? | the adult body |
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