Chemo drugs/SE
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127 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Fluorouracil Brand name and class | 5-FU, antimetabolite |
| Capecitabine Brand name and class | Xeloda, antimetabolite |
| Cytarabine Brand name and class | Cytosar-U and Ara-C, antimetabolite |
| Azacitidine Brand name and class | Vidaza, antimetabolite |
| Decitabine Brand name and class | Dacogen, antimetabolite |
| Gemcitabine Brand name and class | Gemzar, antimetabolite |
| Metotrexate Brand name and class | methotrexate, folate antimetabolite |
| Pemetrexed Brand name and class | premetrexed, folate antimetabolite |
| antimetabolite MOA | Resemble naturally occuring nucleotide bases, replace nucleotide bases, inhibit enzymes involved in DNA and protein synthesis |
| antimicrotubule agents MOA | cause microtubule destruction or increase the strength to stop cell division |
| paclitaxel Brand name and class | Taxol, taxane antimicrotubule |
| paclitaxel NAB Brand name and class | Abraxane, taxane antimicrotubule |
| docetaxel Brand name and class | Taxotere, taxane antimicrotubule |
| cabazitaxel Brand name and class | Jevtana, taxane antimicrotubule |
| Ixabepilone Brand name and class | Ixempra, epothilone antimicrotubule |
| eribulen Brand name and class | Halaven, non-taxane antimicrotubule |
| vincristine Brand name and class | Oncoven, vinca alkaloid antimicrotubule |
| vinblastine Brand name and class | Velban, vinca alkaloid antimicrotubule |
| vinorelbine Brand name and class | Navelbine, vinca alkaloid antimicrotubule |
| topoisomerase inhibitor MOA | induce breaks in the DNA ultimately causing apoptosis |
| irinotecan Brand name and class | campostar, topoisomerase I inhibitor |
| etoposide Brand name and class | VePEsid, topoisomerase II inhibitor |
| tenoposide Brand name and class | Vumon, topoisomerase II inhibitor |
| anthracene derivatives MOA | intercalate into DNA |
| doxorubicin Brand name and class | Adriamycin, anthracycline |
| daunorubucin Brand name and class | cerubidine, anthracycline |
| idarubicin Brand name and class | idamycin, anthracycline |
| epirubicin Brand name and class | ellence, anthracycline |
| mitoxantrone, | novantrone, antracene derivative |
| alkylating agents MOA | crosslinks between DNA, inhibits unwinding, stops normal replication of DNA and cell division |
| busulfan Brand name and class | myleran, alkylating agent |
| cisplatin Brand name and class | platinol AG, platinum alkylating agent |
| carboplatin Brand name and class | paraplatin, platinum alkylating agent |
| oxaliplatin Brand name and class | Eloxatin, platinum alkylating agent |
| cyclophosphamide Brand name and class | cytoxan, alkylating agent |
| ifosphamide Brand name and class | ifex, alkylating agent |
| procarbazine Brand name and class | matulane, non-classic alkylating agent |
| temozolomide Brand name and class | temodar, non-classic alkylating agent |
| bendamustine Brand name and class | treanda, antimetobolite/alkylating agent |
| bleomycin Brand name and class | blenoxane, miscellaneous agent |
| arsenic trioxide Brand name and class | trisenox, miscellaneous agent |
| thalidomide Brand name and class | thalomid, antiangiogenesis agent |
| lenalidomide Brand name and class | revlimid, antiangiogenesis agent |
| peginterferon alpha 2b Brand name and class | peg-intron, immune therapy |
| interleukin-2 Brand name and class | aldesleukin and proleukin, immune therapy |
| romidepsin Brand name and class | istodax, immune therapy, histone deacetylase inhibitor |
| voronistat Brand name and class | zolinza, immune therapy, histone deacetylase inhibitor |
| temsirolimus Brand name and class | torisel, immune therapy, mTOR inhibitor |
| everolimus Brand name and class | afinitor and zotree, immune therapy, mTOR inhibitor |
| uses for corticosteroids | lymphocytotoxic, lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, supportive care (N/V, brain metastases, |
| DLT and HT of fluorouracil | DLT, HT: diarrhea DLt, HT: stomatitis |
| DLT and HT of capecitabine | DLT, HT: Hand-Foot syndrome |
| DLT and HT of cytarabine | DLT, HT: cerebellar syndrome- slurred speech, ataxia, nystagmus, confusion |
| HT of decitabine | hyperglycemia |
| DLT and HT of methotrexate | DLT: mucositis, diarrhea HT: mucositis, diarrhea, nephrotoxicity |
| DLT and HT of paclitaxel | DLT: PN HT: complete alopecia |
| DLT of paclitaxel NAB | DLT: myelosuppression |
| HT of docetaxel | HT: edema |
| DLT of ixabepilone | DLT: PN |
| DLT of eribulen | DLT: PN |
| DLT and HT of vincristine | DLT, HT: PN |
| DLT of vinblastine | DLT: myelosuppression |
| DLT and HT of irinotecan | DLT, HT: delayed diarrhea |
| DLT and HT of doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, epirubicin | DLT, HT: cardiotoxicity |
| HT of cisplatin | HT: nausea and vomiting |
| DLT and HT of oxaliplatin | DLT, HT: PN |
| HT of cyclophosphamide | HT: hemorrhagic cystitis |
| HT of ifosphamide | HT: hemorrhagic cystitis |
| HT of bleomycin | HT: interstitial pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis |
| HT of arsenic trioxide | HT: retinoic acid syndrome |
| HT of thalidomide | HT: teratogenicity |
| HT of lenalidomide | HT: fatigue |
| DLT and HT of peginterferon alpha 2b | HT: flu-like syndrome DLT: neurologic toxicities |
| HT of everolimus and temsirolimus | HT: increased triglycerides |
| class toxicities of antimetabolites | meylosuppression and diarrhea |
| class toxicity of antimicrotubules | PN |
| class toxicity of anthracene derivatives | vesicants |
| class toxicity of alkylating agents | increased risk of sterility/infertility |
| special info on fluorouracil | leucovorin can be given to increase activity (also toxicity), significant DDI with warfarin |
| speical info on capecitabine | prodrug of 5-FU, oral tablet |
| how can you decrease the risk of cerebellar syndrome | give cytarabine QOD instead of QD |
| T or F: live vaccines can be given to patients on azacitidine or decitabine | FALSE, do not give live vaccines |
| what drug was the first approved based on increase in QOL for pancreatic cancer | gemcitabine |
| DDI with folate antimetabolites | NSAIDS and Bactrim |
| how can we lessen mucositis, diarrha and myelosuppression with folate antimetabolites? | give leucovorin with methotrexate, give folic acid with pemetrexed |
| how can we lessen nephrotoxicty with methotrexate? | hydrate with sodium bicarb to a urine pH >7 |
| what do we premedicate with to reduce hypersensitvity with paclitaxel? | dexamethasone, Benadryl, H2 antagonist |
| T or F: we need to pre-medicate with both paclitaxel and paclitaxel NAB | FALSE: there is no need to pre-medicate with paclitaxel NAB |
| how do you reduce edema with docetaxel? | dexamethasone 8mg 1 day before, day of and day after treatment |
| do we pre-medicate with cabazitaxel? | yes, dexamethasone, Benadryl, H2 antagonist |
| T or F: we pre-medicate with Benadryl, H2 antagonist and dexamethasone | FALSE: just with Benadryl and H2 antagonist, only use dexamethasone if there is a rxn |
| can we give vinca alkyloids intrathecally? | ABSOLUTELY NOT |
| vinca alkyloids are vesicants, how do we reduce extravasation? | heat |
| how do we tell a patient to take loperamide for the delayed diarrhea of irinotecan? | 4mg at onset, 2mg every 2 hours until diarrhea free for 12 hours, can take 4mg at night so they dont have to get up every 2 hours |
| lifetime max dose of doxorubicin | 550mg/m2 |
| lifetime max dose of daunorubicin | 550mg/m2 |
| lifetime max dose of idarubicin | 150mg/m2 |
| lifetime max dose of epirubicin | 900mg/m2 |
| what is a unique SE of mitoxantrone? | blue green color to the urine, scelera and skin |
| what chemotherapy agent is the most emetic? | cisplatin |
| does busulfan cross the BBB? | yes, CNS level=plasma level |
| T or F: cisplatin can be mixed with D5. | FALSE |
| Calvert formula for carboplatin dosing | Dose=(CrCL + 25) x AUC |
| SE of carboplatin | thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia |
| how can we lessen PN of oxaliplatin? | Mg/Ca bolus before and after treatment |
| what can the patient do to lessen the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis with cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide? | urinate frequently, stay hydrated |
| do we ALWAYS use Mesna with cyclophosphamide or ifosphamide? | ifosphamide, we MAY use it with cyclophosphamide |
| special info about procarbazine | causes a disulfiram rxn with alcohol, oral therapy, weak MOA inhibitor therefore do not eat tyramine, do not use SSRI or TCA |
| tumor lysis syndrome can occur with bendamustine, what do we use to help this? | allopurinol |
| when should we consider infection prophylaxis when using bendamustine? | for those with CLL because of extensive immunosuppression |
| T or F: if RA syndrome occurs with arsenic trioxide we can simply reduce the dose and continue with therapy | FALSE: we must immediately stop therapy |
| common agents causing myelosuppression | busulfan, BCNU, mitomycin C, alemtuzumab, ibrotumomab tiuxetan, methotrexate |
| common agents that cause thrombocytopenia | procarbazine, tositumonab |
| agents with high risk of N/V | cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, AC combo (doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide), dacarbazine/nitrogen mustard |
| agents with moderate risk of N/V | carboplatin, anthracyclines alone, imatinib |
| agents with a low risk of N/V | taxanes, 5-FU, topoisomerase inhibitors |
| agents with minimal risk of N/V | bevacizumab, bleomycin, vinca alkaloids |
| common agents that cause mucositis | methotrexate, fluorouracil, doxorubicin |
| common agents that cause diarrhea | irinotecan, fluorouracil, methotrexate, capecitabine |
| common agents that cause complete alopecia | paclitaxel/docetaxel |
| common agents used for radiation enhancement | cisplatin, fluorouracil, gemcitabine, paclitaxel |
| common agents causing radiation recall | doxorubicin, dactinomycin, bleomycin, gemcitabine, paclitaxel |
| common agents causing dermatologic rxns | dacarbazine, gefitinib, imatinib, tretinoin, cetuximab, fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, pemetrexed, sunitinib, sorafenib |
| common vesicants | doxorubicin, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mechlorethamine, mitomycin C, paclitaxel, docetaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine |
| common agents causing PN | thalidomide, lenalidomide, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, bortezomib, cabazitaxel, vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, ixabepilone |
| common agents causing cardiotoxicity | doxorubicin, idarubicin, epirubicin |
| common agents causing hemorrhagic cystitis | cyclophosphamide, ifosphamide |
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