| Term | Definition |
| Arch Wire | Main wire framework |
| Bracket | Welded or soldered to a band |
| Closed bite | Overbite |
| Corrective orthodontics | Braces |
| Distocclusion | Buck teeth |
| Elastics | Rubber bands |
| Interceptive orthodontics | Space maintainers used in growing children |
| Ligature wire | Fine wire to tie the main arch wire into the brackets |
| Macrodontia | Unusually large tooth |
| Microdontia | Unusually small tooth |
| Malocclusion | Abnormal or malposition |
| Open bite | Incisors do not pass one another on the vertical axis |
| Orthodontics | Specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of malocclusions |
| Prognathia | Developmental malocclusion |
| Preventive Orthodontics | Appliances to maintain space |
| Debride | Scrapping away |
| Gingivectomy | Surgical removal of gum tissue |
| Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums |
| Gingivoplasty | Surgical repair of the gums |
| Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis | An infection of the gums |
| Osteoplasty | Surgical repair of the alveolar bone |
| Pericoronitis | Inflammation around the crown of a partially erupted tooth |
| Perodontics | Specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of the periodontium |
| Periodontium | Tissue that surrownds and supports the teeth |
| Periodontosis | Advanced inflammation and destruction of the gingiva |
| Sublingual calculus | Calculus deposited below the gingiva |
| Sulcus | Space between the free gingiva and the tooth |
| Supragingival calculus | Calculus deposited above the gingiva |