Cell Test Review
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schwalmscience on February 28, 2012
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Review for the science test on cells
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 diffusion | any type of passive transport in which molecules in a HIGH concentration move to an area of a LOW concentration. |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water. |
| equilibrium | the state in which the concentration of molecules is EQUAL in both areas. |
| active transport | a type of transport in which energy is required for the transportation of molecules to move from a LOW concentration to a HIGH concentration. |
| passive transport | the movement through a membrane, doesn't require any energy to move molecules from a HIGH concentration to a LOW concentration. |
| endocytosis | the act of taking materials into a cell by surrounding it with the cell membrane. |
| exocytosis | the act of releasing the contents of a vesicle. |
| Hooke | Discovered cells for the first time in 1665 while looking at pieces of cork through a compound light microscope. |
| Schleiden | In 1838, he said that cells are the basic unit of organization in plants. |
| Schwann | In 1839, he said that cells are the basic unit of organization in animals. |
| Virchow | In 1855, he said that all cells come from other cells. |
| mitosis | In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes. All of the organelles duplicate. |
| interphase | a part of the cell's life cycle in which the cell grows, the DNA is copied, and the organelles duplicate. |
| prophase | a part of the cell's life cycle in which the nuclear membrane disappears and the chromosomes form |
| metaphase | a part of the cell's life cycle in which the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell and the spindle fibers form |
| telophase | the opposite of the prophase;the nuclear membrane re-forms, the chromosomes un-coil, and the cell has two nuclei |
| anaphase | the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles |
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