| Term | Definition |
| dsm-iv-tr stance on ethnic and cultural factors | take into account 1. prominant means of manifesting disorders (spirit, nerves, fate, etc) 2. peceived causes, 3. preferences for care |
| cultural credentials of a shaman | 1. specialist with training. 2. compassion with detachment, 3. offers herself as the instrument of cure |
| aspects to consider about indigenous healing | 1. don't underpathologize or overpathologize symptoms 2. consider cultural and linguistic barriers. 3. be aware of treatments |
| how to determine if it is not abuse | 1. no physical complications 2. no intent to hurt 3. used in conjunction with western medicine |
| shaman | can enter an altered state of consiousness to journey to other planes |
| typical approaches | 1. use of the group to shelter the individual for problem solving & connecting 2. spiritual and religious beliefs are used 3. respected elders of the community |
| ho'oponopono (definition) | restores and maintains good relations with the family |
| ho'oponopono process | 1. pule weke (prayer) 2. 'oia'i'o or truth telling 3. mahiki getting to the problems 4. prayer and termination pani |
| principles of Hawaiian healing | 1. problems reside in relationships 2. harmony is desirable 3. healing involves the whole group 4. includes spirituality 5. a respected elder 6. indigenous |
| indigenous healing | healing from within the culture (not transported) |
| western healing assumptions | 1. reality has separate units (observor and observed) 2. observation through five senses 3. space and time are fixed 4. science is culture-free |
| naikan therapy | 1. what other have done for them 2. what they have done for others 3. how they cause difficulties to others |
| holistic outlook charcterized by | interconnectedness and harmony |
| most widely used therapies | yoga and meeditation |
| espiritismo | spiritism (espiritas are mediums) |