Chapter 11: Prefixes/Tests
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120 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arter/o, arteri/o | artery |
| ather/o | yellowish plaquw, fatty substance |
| atri/o | atrium |
| brachi/o | arm |
| cardi/o | heart |
| cholesterol/o | cholesterol |
| coron/o | heart |
| cyan/o | blue |
| myx/o | mucus |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| pericardi/o | pericardium |
| phleb/o | vein |
| rrhythm/o | rhythm |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| steth/o | chest |
| thromb/o | clot |
| valvul/o, valv/o | valve |
| vas/o | vessel |
| vascul/o | vessel |
| ven/o, ven/i | vein |
| ventricul/o | ventricle, lower heart chamber |
| BNP test | measurement of brain natriuretic peptide in the blood. elevated in patients with heart failure. |
| cardiac biomarkers | chemicals measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attack. damaged heart muscle releases chemicals into the bloodstream. the substances tested for are troponin-I and troponin-T |
| lipid tests (lipid profile) | measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides in a blood sample |
| saturated fats | animal origin, such as milk, butter, and meats; increase blood cholesterol |
| polyunsaturated fats | vegetable origin, such as corn and safflower oil; decrease blood cholesterol |
| lipoprotein electrophoresis | lipoproteins (combinations of fat and protein) are physically separated and measured in a blood sample |
| angiography | x ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material |
| CTA | computed tomography angiography; 3-D x-ray images of the heart and coronary arteries using computed tomography |
| DSA | digital subtraction angiography; electron beams and CT identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries to diagnose early CAD |
| doppler ultrasound studies | sound waves measure blood flow within blood vessels |
| ECHO | echocardiography; echoes generated by high-frequency sound waves produce images of the heart |
| TEE | transesophageal echocardiography; trasducer is placed in the esophagus and provides ultrasound and doppler information |
| PET scan | positron emission tomography scan; images show blood flow and myocaridal function following uptake of radioactive glucose |
| technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan | Technectium Tc 99m sestamibi injected iintravenously is taken up in cardiac tissue, where it is detected by scanning |
| thallium 201 scan | concentration of radioactive thallium is measured to give information about blood supply to the heart muscle |
| cardiac MRI | images of the heart are produced using radiowave energy in a magnetic field |
| cardiac catheterization | thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein or an artery |
| ECG/EKG | electrocardiography; recording of electricity flowing through the heart |
| Holter monitoring | an ECG device is worn during a 24 hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias |
| stress test | exercise tolerance test (ETT) determines the heart's response to physical exertion (stress) |
| catheter ablation | brief dellivery of radiofrequency or cryosurgery to destroy areas of heart tissue that may be causing arrhythmias |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass grafting; arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages |
| defibrillation | brief discharge of electricity are applied across the chest to stop dysrhythmias (v-fib) |
| endarterectomy | surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery |
| extracorporeal circulation | heart-lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired |
| heart transplantation | a donor heart is transferred to a recipient |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention |
| thrombolytic therapy | drugs to dissolve clots are injected into the bloodstream of patients with coronary thrombosis |
| AAA | abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| ACE inhibitor | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor |
| ACLS | advanced cardiac life support; CPR plus drugs and defibrillation |
| ACS | acute coronary syndrome |
| ADP | adenosine diphosphate |
| AED | automatic external defibrillator |
| AF, a-fib | atrial fibrillation |
| AICD | automatic inmplantable cardioverter-defibrillator |
| AMI | acute myocardial infarction |
| ARVD | arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia |
| AS | aortic stenosis |
| AV, A-V | atrioventricular |
| ASD | atrial septum defect |
| AVR | aortic valve replacement |
| BBB | bundle branch block |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CAD | coronary artery disease |
| CCU | coronary care unit |
| Cath | catheterization |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| CK | creatine kinase; released into the bloodstream after injury to heart or skeletal muscle |
| CoA | coarctation of the aorta |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| CRT | cardiac resynchronization therapy; biventricular pacing |
| CTNI | cardiac troponin-I and cardiac troponin-T; released into the bloodstream after myocardial injury |
| CV | cardiovascular |
| DES | drug-eluting stent |
| DSA | digital subtraction angiography |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| ECMO | extracorporeal membrane oxygenation |
| EF | ejection fraction |
| EPS | electrophysiology study |
| ETT | exercise tolerance test |
| ETT-MIBI | exercise tolerance test combined with a radioactive tracer scan |
| HDL | high density lipoprotein; high blood levels are associated with lower incidence of coronary artery disease |
| HTN | hypertension |
| IABP | intra-aortic ballon pump; used to support patients in cardiogenic shock |
| ICD | implantable cardioverter-defibrillator |
| LAD | left anterior descending (coronary artery) |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein |
| LMWH | low molecular weight heparin |
| LV | left ventricle |
| LVAD | left ventricular hypertrophy |
| MI | myocardial infarction |
| MR | mitral regurgitation |
| MUGA | multiple gated acquisition scan |
| MVP | mitral valve prolapse |
| NSR | normal sinus rhythm |
| NSTEMI | non-ST elevation myocardial infarction |
| PAC | premature atrial contraction |
| PAD | peripheral arterial disease |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention |
| PDA | patent ductus arteriosus; posterior descending artery |
| PVC | premature ventricular contraction |
| SA node | sinoatrial node |
| SCD | sudden cardiac death |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| SPECT | single photon emission computed tomography |
| SSCP | substernal chest pain |
| STEMI | ST-elevation myocardial infarction |
| SVT | supraventricular tachycardia |
| Tc | technetium |
| TGA | transposition of the great arteries |
| tPA | tissue-type plasminogen activator; a drug used to prevent thrombosis |
| UA | unstable angina; chest pain at rest or of increased frequency |
| VF | ventricular fibrillation |
| VSD | ventricular septal defect |
| VT | ventricular tachycardia |
| WPW | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; an abnormal ECG pattern often associated with paroxysmal tachycardia |
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