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Age of 7 At what age did Spartan boys begin military training? What were the three most important lessons taught to Spartan soldiers? Obey leaders without question; Never Give Up; No greater honor than defending their citystate The main role of women were business matters and to raise strong men for Sparta. It was important for Sparta to keep their army good and strong. What was the main role of Spartan women? Why was this so important? What was a helot? A helot is a slave that is owned by the state, not by private citizens. Why was Sparta afraid of new ideas like democracy? They were afraid that new ideas would bring unwanted changes to their society. Spartans believed they were the descendants of what people? They were the descendants of the Dorian people What was "democracy"? How did democracy function in ancient Athens? Democracy is a rule by the people. They used it so male Athenians were able to take a greater part in government. Athens: Who was allowed to vote? Men who owned land, at least 20, and a citizen. Athens: Why was voting seen as important? Voting was important because it made the way the government worked fair. A person is Athens could be sent away from this city-state for 10 years. How did this occur? It occurs when people write the name of the person who they disliked or who seems like a threat and the majority of person who's name is written down the most is sent away. In 508 B.C., this man brought full democracy to Athens. Full democracy was for male citizens over the age of 20 who owned land. What was this man's name? Cleisthenes What was the name for this city-state's assembly? Ecclesia What does "ostracize" mean? To shut out How did The Persian Wars change the Greek Way of Life? Why did the Greeks work together? Because they had a common enemy What were the two Leagues created during the Persian Wars? Delian and Peloponnesus League Who led each of these Leagues? Athens led Delian; Sparta let Peloponnesus What areas were included in each of these Leagues? Both leagues contained areas around the city state Who was the leader of Athens during the Golden Age of Greece? Pericles What was the Council of 500? They decided what would be discussed at each assembly meeting. How was a person chosen to be on the Council? By lottery (drawing names from a bowl) What Greek achievements or discoveries occurred during the Golden Age? Better education; more artisans. More beautiful buildings, writing, science, health (doctors), etc. What two rival city-states fought in the Peloponnesian War? Athens and Sparta How long did this Peloponnesian war last? 27 Years What happened to Athens that gave Sparta an advantage and eventual victory? 3 Reasons: (1) Plague attacked Athens, (2) Pericles died, (3) People followed bad leaders At this battle, the King of Macedonia defeated a Greek army led by the city-states of Athens and Thebes. What was the name of this victorious Macedonian King? King Phillip the II What was the name of the battle described in Question 1 (name of this victorious Macedonian King)? Battle of Chaeronea The League of Corinth was an example of an alliance. Why was it created? To unite and create peace within Alexanders empire This King of Persia became scared and fled the Battle of Gaugamela. He would later be killed by one of his own generals. What was the name of this king? Darius the III Close to the Indus River, an Indian king used 200 war elephants in addition to his other troops against an invading Macedonian army. He was defeated. What was the name of this Indian king? Who was the Macedonian leader who defeated the Indian king? Porus; Alexander the Great A Hellenistic empire once stretched from Macedonia to the Indus River in India. It was about 3,000 miles in length. In what ways would knowledge, learning, inventions/discoveries, to name just a few things, have been accessible to people? Soldiers, travelers, traders, etc. What was a helot? A helot is a slave that is owned by the state, not by private citizens.