Spine & Trunk Muscles
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Splenius capitis | Origin: Spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Mastoid process, base of the skull, and upper cervical vertebrae Action: The two sides act together to extend the neck; either alone rotates and laterally flexes head to that side |
| Semispinalis capitis | Origin: Spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Base of skull, upper cervical vertebrae Action: The two sides act together to extend the neck; either alone laterally flexes head to that side |
| Spinalis group | Origin: Spinous processes and transverse processes of cervical, thoracic, and upper lumbar vertebrae Insertion: Base of skull and spinous processes of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae Action: The two sides act together to extend vertebral column; either alone extends neck and laterally flexes head or rotates vertebral column to that side |
| Longissimus group | Origin: Processes of lower cervical, thoracic; and upper lumbar vertebrae Insertion: Mastoid processes of temporal bone, transverse processes of cervical vertebrae and inferior surfaces of ribs Action: The two sides act together to extend vertebral column; either alone rotates and laterally flexes head or vertebral column to that side |
| Iliocostalis group | Origin: Superior borders of ribs and iliac crest Insertion: Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae and inferior surfaces of ribs Action: Extends vertebral column or laterally to that side; moves ribs |
| Quadratus lumborum | Origin: Iliac crest Insertion: Last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae Action: Together they depress ribs, flex vertebral column; one side acting alone produces lateral flexion |
| External intercostals | Origin: Inferior border of each rib Insertion: Superior border of next rib Action: Elevate ribs |
| Internal intercostals | Origin: Superior border of each rib Insertion: Inferior border of the preceding rib Action: Depress ribs |
| Diaphragm | Origin: Xiphoid process, cartilages of ribs 4-10, and anterior surfaces of lumbar vertebrae Insertion: Central tendinous sheet Action: Contraction expands thoracic cavity, compresses abdominopelvic cavity |
| External oblique | Origin: Lower 8 ribs Insertion: Linea alba and iliac crest Action: Compresses abdomen, depresses ribs, flexes or laterally flexes vertebral column |
| Internal oblique | Origin: Iliac crest and adjacent connective tissues Insertion: Lower ribs, xiphoid of sternum, and linea alba Action: Compresses abdomen, depresses ribs, flexes or laterally flexes vertebral column |
| Transversus abdominis | Origin: Cartilages of lower ribs, iliac crest, and adjacent connective tissues Insertion: Linea alba and pubis Action: Compresses abdomen |
| Rectus abdominis | Origin: Superior surface of pubis around symphysis Insertion: Inferior surfaces of costal cartilages (ribs 5-7) and xiphoid process Action: Depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column |
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