Genetics Vocabulary
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12 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Heridity | the passage of traits from parents to offspring. |
| Alele | different forms of a gene, which produce variations in a genetically inherited trait. |
| Genetics | the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles. |
| Hybrid | an offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent. Ex. Tt, Dd, Ff (also called Heterozygous) |
| Dominant | describes trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait (and shows its specific trait even if only one parent passed the gene to its offspring). |
| Recessive | describes a trait that is covered over, or dominated, by another form of that trait and seems to disappear (except when both parents pass that gene to their offspring). |
| Punnet Square | a tool to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can combine. |
| Genotype | an organisms genetic makeup, expressed in uppercase and lowercase letters for dominant and recessive alleles. Ex. TT, tt, Tt, DD, Dd, dd |
| Phenotype | an outward physical appearance or behavior of an organism, expressed in words. Ex. Brown hair, green eyes, red flower, tall horse. |
| Homozygous | describes an organism with two alleles that are the same for a trait - one from mom and the other from dad are the same. Ex. TT, tt. |
| Heterozygous | describes an organism with two different alleles for a trait - one from mom and a different one from dad. Ex. Tt. |
| Mutation | genes that are altered or copied incorrectly. |
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