| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Pharmacokinetics | How drugs enter the body, are absorbed, reach their intended site, are metabolized, and exit the body |
| Absorption | how drugs enter systemic circulation to provide a desired effect |
| Distribution | means by which drug travels from site of absorption to site of action |
| Metabolism | body transforms drugs into inactive form that can be excreted from the body |
| Excretion | elimination of drugs from body after they have been metabolized |
| Therapeutic Effect | Intended physiologic response |
| Side Effect | Unintended effect |
| Synergistic Effect | Occurs when several drugs are taken together |
| Toxic Effect | Drug accumulates in body because of inadequate excretion, impaired metabolism, overdose, or drug sensitivity |
| Idiosyncratic Reaction | Patient overreacts or underreacts or has an unusual reaction |
| Right dose, drug, patient, time, route | Five rights of drug of administration |
| lb/2.2=kg | Metric system conversion for measuring patient weight when calculating dosage |
| Oral (enteral) | Sublingual, rectal, orally, NG tube administration |
| Inhalation | Inhaler or nebulizer and inhaled by patient |
| Topical | Application of medication to surface of skin; transdermal patch |
| Parenteral Injection | Medications are injected; not absorbed via the GI tract |
| Intramuscular (IM) | Into the muscle |
| Subcutaneous (SQ) | Under the skin |
| Intravenous (IV) | Directly into vein (most immediate results); when rapid patient response is needed (emergency medication); used for injection of contrast material for studies of the urinary system, CT, and MRI |
| Intradermal | Between layers of skin (tuberculin skin test); slowest absorption rate |
| Intrathecal | Injected directly into the subarachnoid space (myelography); moderate absorption rate |
| Syringe | Device used to inject drug into body; 3 parts: tip (attaches needle), barrel (calibration scales are printed), plunger (fits into barrel) |
| Luer lock | Type of syringe that has device on tip that holds needle in place |
| Catheter tip | Syringe type that fits into patient's tube to facilitate entry into body |
| Bevel | Slanted part of the tip of a needle |
| Cannula/shaft | Length of metal portion of a needle |
| Hub | Part of needle that attaches to syringe |
Combine with other sets
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