Chapter 4
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Created by:
kirstin_roper14 on November 14, 2007
Subjects:
their, environment, cells, and
Description:
Biology 1 PAP Baby!!!!!!!!!
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Passive Transport | the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
| Concentration Gradient | a difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance |
| Equilibrium | a state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space |
| Diffusion | the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent |
| Hypertonic Solution | a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| Hypotonic Solution | a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| Isotonic Solution | a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell |
| Ion Channel | in a cell membrane, a pore through which ions can pass |
| Carrier Protein | a protein that transports substances across a cell membrane |
| Facilitated Diffusion | the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the help of carrier proteins |
| Active Transport | the movement of substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient,requires cells to use energy |
| Sodium-Potassium Pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell |
| Endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
| Exocytosis | the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out |
| Receptor Protein | a protein that binds specific signal molecules, which causes the cell to respond in a specific way |
| Second Messenger | a molecule that is made when a specific substance attaches to a receptor on the outside of a cell membrane, which then causes the cell to change its function |
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