| Term | Definition |
|---|
| types of behaviors created by neural networks? | affective (emotion) and cognitive (thoughtt) |
| what does the brain exhibit? | plasticity |
| what is plasticity? | the ability to change connections as a result of experience |
| what did the nervous system evolve from and into? | a simple network of neurons to complex brains |
| what were the first animals to develop neurons? | jellyfish and sea anemones |
| what does CNS consist of? | layers of cells around a fluid-filled central cavity |
| what is CNS developed from? | the neural tube of the embryo |
| what does gray matter of the CNS consist of? | unmyelinated nerve cell bodies, dendrites, and axon terminals |
| how are cell bodies situated in the brain? | either formed in layers in parts of the brain or clustered into groups known as nuclei |
| what forms white matter of the CNS? | myelinated axons |
| how is white matter situated in the brain? | runs in bundles called tracts |
| what are brain and spinal cord encased in? | meninges and the bones of the cranium and vertebrae |
| what makes up the meninges? | pia mater, arachnoid membrane, dura mater |
| what does the choroid plexus secrete? and where | cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the ventricles of the brain |
| what does CSF do? | cushions the tissue and creates a chemically controlled environment |
| what do tight junctions in brain capillaries create? | blood-brain barrier |
| what is the purpose of the blood-brain barrier? | prevents possibly harmful substances in the blood from entering the interstitial fluid |
| what is each segment of the spinal cord associated with? | a pair of spinal nerves |
| what does each dorsal root of the spinal nerve carry? | incoming sensory information |
| what does dorsal root ganglia contain? | nerve cell bodies of sensory neurons |
| what do ventral roots carry? | information from the CNS to muscles and glands |
| what do ascending tracts of white matter carry? | sensory information to the brain |
| what do descendng tracts of white matter carry? | efferent signals from the brain |
| what tracts remain within the spinal cord? | propriospinal tracts |
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