Chapter 9
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michaelmunoz2 on July 13, 2009
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Refers to physical characteristics, i.e., skin color, hair texture, eye color, etc. that are used to classify people It is a social construct with which to confer privilege onto certain groups | how is race a reality and social construct |
| race | physical characteristics that distinguish one group from another |
| ethnicity | having distinctive social characteristics |
| dominant groups | the group with most power, greatest privileges, and highest social status |
| minority groups | people who are singled out for unequal treatment and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination |
| ethnic identity-identify factors that heighten or reduce it | people who identify with one another on the basis of common ancestry and cultural heritage. i.e. nation of origin, distinctive foods, clothing, language, music, religion, family names, relationships |
| prejudice | an attitude or prejudging, usually in a negative way |
| discrimination | an act of unfair treatment directed against an individual or group |
| can be learned after joining and based on dominance around the culture | Understand how prejudice can be learned through association with different groups and through the internalizing of dominant norms. |
| individual discrimination | the negative treatment of one person by another on the basis of that person's perceived characteristics |
| institutional discrimination | the negative treatment of a minority group that is built into a society's institutions; also called systemic discrimination |
| functionalist-explains prejudice | Stress the benefits of costs that come from discrimination While stratification threatens the equilibrium of a society, the tendency is towards stability and (theoretically) stratification will eventually decline The associated conflict brings cohesion to groups, promotes group formation |
| conflict theory-explains prejudice | Looks at how the groups in power exploit racial and ethnic divisions in order to control workers and maintain power Ethnocentrism, competition, and unequal power Marxist-oriented theorists contend racism is a function of capitalists |
| symbolic interactionism-explains prejudice | Stress how labels create selective perception and self-fulfilling prophecies Cultural isolation produces ethnocentrism Ethnocentric communication ascribes meaning from only its own system of meaning Ethnocentrism in this way produces prejudice |
| minority stay within their own group | Describe the major patterns of minority and dominant group relations. |
| Genocide-dominant tries to destroy the moniority populations transfer-expels minority internal colonialism-exploits the minority segregation-structures the social institutions to maintain minimal contact with minority Assimilation-absorbs the minority group multiculturalism-encourages racial and ethnic variation | Six patterns of intergroup relations |
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