chapter30:plant diversity 2: the evolution of seed plants
Order by
33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 seed | consists of an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat |
| common to all seed plants | reduced gametophytes heterospory ovules pollen |
| advantages of reduced gametophytes | protects female gametophyte from stress protects against UV rays and desiccation obtains nutrients directly from sporophyte |
| homosporous | producing one kind of spore that give rise to a bisexual gametophyte |
| heterosporous | producing two kinds of spores |
| megasporangia | contains megasporocytes that produce megaspores that give rise to female gametophytes |
| microsporangia | contains microsporocytes that produce microspores that give rise to male gametophytes. |
| ovule | consists of a megasporangium(2n), megaspore(n), and one or more protective integuments |
| integuments | cover and protect the megasporangium |
| gymnosperm megaspores | have one integument |
| angiosperm megaspores | usually have two integuments |
| pollen grain | contain the male gametophytes enclosed by a pollen wall |
| pollination | is the transfer of pollen to the part of a seed plant containing the ovules |
| gymnosperms | have naked seeds not enclosed by ovaries and consists of four phyla |
| three key features of the gymnosperms life cycle are | dominance of the sporophyte generation development of seeds from fertilized ovules the transfer of sperm to ovules by pollen |
| pine tree | is the sporophyte and produces sprorania in male and female cones |
| pollen grains | small cones produce microspores contain a male gametophyte |
| angiosperms | are seed plants with reproductive structures called flowers and fruits |
| flower | is an angiosperm structure specialized for sexual reproduction |
| sepals | enclose the flower, usually green and at the base |
| petals | brightly corlored and attract pollinators |
| stamen | produces microspores that develop into pollen grains that contain male gametophytes |
| carpel | produce megaspores that develop into female gametophytes |
| fruit | consists of a mature ovary but can also include other flower parts |
| embryo sac | female gametophyte develops within an ovule contained within an ovary at the vase of a stigma |
| micropyle | ovule is entered into by a pore of the integuments |
| double fertization | occurs when the pollen tube discharges two sperm into the female gametophyte with an ovule |
| endosperm | one sperm fertilizes the egg to produce a diploid zygote and the other fertilizes the central cell to form a triploid cell |
| cytoledons | the embryo consists of a root and one or two seed leaves |
| monocots | one cotylecon |
| eudicots (true dicots) | two cotylecon |
| basal angiosperms | less derived and include the flowering plants belonging to the oldest lineages |
| magnoliids | share some traits with basal angiosperms but are more closely related to monocots and eudicots |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.