Classification, Bacteria, Viruses, Protists and Fungi
About this set
Created by:
sarah-caroline-222 on March 2, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
Ch. 19, 20, 21, and 22
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51 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 protozoa, algae, and slime molds | the kingdom of protists includes... |
| eukaryotes | are protists prokaryotes or eukaryotes? |
| animals, plants, and fungi! | protists resemble... |
| protists | gave rise to plants, animals, and fungi |
| endosymbiote hypothesis | explains how protists (eukaryotes) cane about |
| one prokaryote engulfs another and "enslaves" it. | describe the endosymbiote hypothesis |
| mitochondria and chloroplasts | the main evidence for the endosymbiote hypothesis is in the... |
| double membranes, self replicating, have DNA, have their own ribosomes, resemble bacteria... etc. | evidence for the endosymbiote hypothesis |
| protozoa | animal-like protists |
| unicellular | Are protozoa uni-cellular, bi-cellular, or multi-cellular? |
| flagellates, ciliates, sarcodines, sporozoans | basic types of protozoa |
| method of movement | protozoa are grouped according to their... |
| spores | slime molds reproduce with... |
| complex, link between uni and multi-cellular organisms? | describe the life-cycles of slime molds |
| cladogram | a phylogenetic diagram based on evolutionary relationships |
| divergence of two species from a common ancestors | in a cladogram each branch point represents the divergence of two species from a common ancestor |
| homologies | cladograms are based on... |
| outgroup | species that defines which study group trait is the oldest |
| shared derived characters | traits that distinguish a particular clade |
| monophyletic | contains a single common ancestor and all its descendant species |
| parsimony | results in the simplest cladogram possible |
| ingroup | species that will be placed into clades with a cladogram |
| clade | evolutionary branch of a cladogram that contains a common ancestor and all its descendant species |
| viruses | non-living particles, name means "poison" |
| shape, structure | the _____ of a virus varies but the _____ is consistent. |
| capsid, envelop, nucleic acid | basic components of a virus |
| retrovirus | a RNA only virus |
| lyctic cycle | the virus immediately causes its host cell to lyse |
| lysogenic cycle | causes the viral DNA to become a part of the host DNA |
| reverse transcriptase | the enzyme that is needed for the lysogenic cycle in retroviruses |
| extreme environments, diverse branching in lipids of plasma membrane, chemical differences in cell wall, differences in ribosomes | domain archaea characteristics |
| prokaryotes, any type of aerobic or any type of trophic | domain bacteria characteristics |
| flagella, cilia, capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, cytosol, ribosomes, nucleoid | basic components of bacteria |
| cocci | round-shaped bacteria |
| bacilli | rod-shaped bacteria |
| spirilli | spiral-shaped bacteria |
| staph | clustered bateria |
| diplo | indicates pairs of bacteria |
| strepto | chains of bacteria |
| binary fission | bacteria reproduce through... |
| conjugation, transformation, transduction, plasmid exchange | ways to gain genetic variation with bacteria |
| multicellular, no flagella, saprophytes, haploid life cycle with windblown spores during sexual/asexual reproduction, | characteristics of fungi (textbook) |
| mycelium | the body of fungi |
| hyphae | threads that make up the mycelium |
| fruiting bodies | spores are produced on ____________s. |
| chitin (glucose w/ amine group) | cell walls are made with ______ |
| so that digestive enzymes to not break down the cell wall | why are fungi cell walls made of chitin |
| glycogen | fungi store glucose as _________. |
| decomposers, symbioses, produce antibiotics, food production/food, yeast fermentation, cause diseases, cause rotting/spoiling of food and homes | importance of fungi |
| viroids | naked strands of RNA |
| slime molds | fungus-like protists |
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