Principles of Pharmocology II
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67 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Medications are drugs that are _______________. | given for therapeutic purposes |
| Controlled drugs are categorized according to which of the following? | therapeutic use and potential for abuse |
| The nurse counsels a patient to drink 8 ounces of water with his tablets or capsules because adequate hydration aids which of the following pharmacokinetic processes? | absorption |
| The nurse caring for a patient with worsening liver disease must understand that which of the following pharmacokinetic processes may be impaired? | metabolism |
| A patient with an overdose of an oral drug usually will receive which of the following? | activated charcoal |
| During an initial assessment, the patient reports that he is allergic to a particular medicine. Which of the following actions would the nurse do next? | ask what symptoms occurred with the allergic reaction |
| Interventions to increase drug effectiveness and patient safety include which of the following? | teaching patients about their drug therapy regimens |
| The nurse administering a newly-ordered drug should provide the patient with which of the following? | adverse effects that the patient is likely to see or feel |
| Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate when administering medications via nasogastric tube? | Verify nasogastric tube placement before giving drugs. |
| The physician orders--Furosemide 40 mg po for Mr. Samuel Jones in Room 245. The nurse would then, do which of the following? | contact the physician for the right time for this drug to be given |
| Inflammation is indicative of which of the following? | a normal body response to tissue damage to remove the damaging source and repair the damaged tissue |
| Naloxone (Narcan) is the drug of choice to treat respiratory depression caused by which of the following? | opioid |
| Morphine is metabolized in the __________ and conjugated to an active metabolite prior to excretion. | liver |
| The reversal agent for benzodiazepines (i.e., diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam) is which of the following? | Romazicon (flumazenil) |
| Which of the following is the drug of choice for pain or fever in children? | Tylenol (acetaminophen) |
| Which of the following anti-inflammatory drugs interfere with blood coagulation and increase the risk of bleeding? | aspirin, ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), & naproxen (Naprosyn) |
| Drugs of choice for gout are which of the following? | allopurinol and cholchicine |
| The nurse should encourage patients taking anti-gout medications to do which of the following? | drink plenty of fluids to prevent renal calculi |
| Toradol (ketorolac) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can be given parenterally and is comparable to Morphine and other opioids in pain relief. | True |
| Tylenol (acetaminophen) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and is equal to aspirin in analgesic and antipyretic effects. | False |
| Mr. Jones is diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. The Home Health Nurse visits him 1 week after hospitalization to assess his progress and medication compliance. He states that there is no significant improvement in his symptoms. The nurse would explain which of the following? | Noticeable improvement may not occur for several weeks after the initial drug dose |
| A client with chronic alcoholism is admitted to a medical unit for pneumonia. Which medication would the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe to prevent delirium tremens? | chlordiazepoxide (Librium), a benzodiazepine |
| A 10-year old chlild diagnosed with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is taking methylphenidate (Ritalin), a central nervous stimulant. Which assessment data would warrant intervention from the nurse? | The child has multiple bruises on the arms. |
| A patient in the medical unit has been NPO for 3 days and is complaining of a headache. Which question should the nurse ask the patient when assessing the complaint? | How often do you drink caffeinated beverages? |
| Which of the following is used for detoxification and treatment of opiate addiction? | Dolophine (methadone) |
| The drug of choice to treat bipolar disorder is which of the following? | Lithobid (lithium carbonate) |
| The nurse should be certain their patient and/or their caregiver understands which of the following about antidepressant medications? | They may cause suicidal ideation and should contact their physician immediately if this occurs. hyperactivity in young children and the elderly |
| The nurse should advise the patient receiving antidepressant medications of which of the following? | Antidepressants should not be stopped abruptly and may take 2-4 weeks before depressive symptoms begin to improve |
| Same generation antipsychotics are considered equal in treating psychosis, but differ in potency and side effects | True |
| Which of the following food selections indicate that a patient taking tranylcypromine (Parnate), an MAO inhibitor, needs further diet education? | salami and swiss cheese sandwhich |
| The purpose of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) function is to ensure which of the following? | regulate water balance |
| Vitamin D deficiency is common in the elderly and causes which of the following? | inadequate absorption of calcium and phosphorus. |
| Insulin regulates which of the following? | glucose metabolism to produce energy for celllular function. |
| The recommended A1C level is which of the following? | less than 7% |
| What is the BEST therapy for prevention of type 2 diabetes? | exercise |
| Pitocin (oxytocin) is used to do which of the following? | induce labor and promote uterine contractility |
| Adverse effects of corticosteroids include which of the following? | bone loss, fragile skin and hyperglycemia |
| Short acting insulins such as Humulin R have which pharmacokinetic effect? | onset in 1/2 to 1 hour and peak in 2-5 hours |
| Treatment of hypoglycemia for the conscious patient includes 15 grams of carbohydrates, and is equivalent to 4 oz of ginger ale or fruit juice with 2 packets of sugar. | False |
| Corticosteroids increase testerone levels. | False |
| Corticosteroids increase testerone levels | False |
| Postmenopausal women are not at risk for osteoporosis. | False |
| Post menopausal women receiving estrogen therapy are at high risk for endometrial hyperplasia and cancer | True |
| A body weight change of 1 kg (2.2 pounds) indicates a gain or loss of __________ of fluid | 1000 milliliters |
| Patients with a known allergy to sulfonamide (sulfa) drugs may also be allergic to which of the following drug classifications? | thiazide diuretics |
| Which of the following drug classifications are used for their antispasmodic effect on the urology system? | anticholinergics (Urispas, Ditropan, VESIcare) |
| Which of the following statements would indicate to the nurse that the patient taking spironolactone (Aldactone) understands the affects of their medication? | "I should not eat food high in potassium while taking this medication." |
| Which of the following drugs classifications are used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)? Select two options. | 5-alpha reductase inhibitor drugs and alpha1 antiadrenergic drugs |
| Which of the following drugs are used to treat hyperuricemia? Select two choices. | colchicine and allopurinol (Zyloprim) |
| hydrochlorothiazide (Oretic) | thiazide (distal tubule) diuretic |
| bumentanide (Bumex) | loop diuretic |
| metozalone (Zaroxolyn) | thiazide (distal tubule) diuretic |
| furosemide (Lasix) | loop diuretic |
| spironolactone (Aldactone | potassium-sparing (distal tubule) diuretic |
| chlorthalidone (Hygroton) | thiazide (distal tubule) diuretic |
| mannitol (Osmitrol) | osmotic agent |
| chlorothiazide (Diuril) | thiazide (distal tubule) diuretic |
| Which of the following are fat-soluble vitamins? | A, D, E & K |
| Which vitamin is necessary for normal clotting? | K |
| Which of the following would indicate the potential for insufficient amounts of B1, thiamine? | malnutrition due to alcoholism |
| Which of the following vitamins is a potent antioxidant? | E |
| Women intending to get pregnant or in early pregnancy need an adequate level of which of the following to prevent abnormal fetal spinal cord development? | folic acid |
| Which direction does hypertonic IV solutions cause fluids to shift? | intravascular (into the vascular system) |
| Which of the following parenteral solutions require filtering before administration? | dextrose-protein solutions |
| To assess for infection, the nurse checks the IV insertion site for which of the following? Must select all that apply to be correct. | redness, edema, warm to the touch, tenderness or pain |
| To assess for IV infiltration, the nurse checks the insertion site for which of the following? Must select all that apply to be correct. | edema and cool to the touch |
| Which of the following nursing considerations are essential when administering parenteral nutrition? | A and C |
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