Science 5 Chapter 5
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54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 plankton | tiny floating plants and animals in the sea; are a food source for many sea creatures |
| 3/4 | the fraction of our planet covered by water |
| water | All living things need this ingredient in their tissues to survive |
| molecules | the smallest part of a substance that still has the qualities of that substance |
| atoms | smaller particles that make up molecules |
| aquifer | underground places where water collects |
| evaporation | part of the water cycle where liquid is changed into water vapor and escape into the air |
| condensation | part of the water cycle where water vapor condenses (changes) back into a liquid |
| precipitation | part of the water cycle during which a form of water (rain, sleet, hail, snow) will fall down to earth |
| high tide | ocean water moves up the shore until it reaches its highest point |
| low tide | ocean water moves away from shore until it reaches its lowest point |
| spring tide | a tide which is higher or lower than normal tides; occurs when the sun and moon are in a straight line with the earth. |
| neap tide | tides that happen when the sun and moon are at right angles to the earth and pull on the ocean in different directions |
| intertidal zones | areas between low and high tide lines where specific plants and animals are clustered together |
| barnacles | invertebrate animals that cement themselves to rocks, ships, etc. |
| algae | water plants that lack true leaves, stems, flowers, and roots |
| whelk | a carnivorous snail; univalve |
| sea urchins | sea animal that looks like a porcupine with sharp spines covering its body |
| Univalve | mollusks with a single (1) shell |
| Bivalve | mollusks with two (2) shells |
| Mollusk examples | cowries, conch, sea snail, clams, oysters, clams and mussels |
| oysters | valuable bivalves which can be eaten or produces pearls |
| crustacean | animal with a crust-like shell, jointed legs, segmented body; must molt (shed their shell) as they grow larger |
| Crustacean examples | shrimp, lobster, crab |
| shrimp | small crustacean that scavenges for food on the ocean floor |
| lobster | carnivorous sea-floor dweller that is recognized by its two large pincers |
| crab | flat, elongated body with eight legs, two pincers and runs (travels) sideways to escape when running |
| sea star | spiny-skinned invertebrate which has 5 or more rays (arms) and tiny tube feet which it uses to move and feed |
| coral reefs | are made from the hard, outer coverings(skeletons) of many thousands of tiny animals known as coral polyps |
| Great Barrier Reef | a coral reef located off the coast of Australia, is more than 1,200 miles long |
| parrotfish | reef fish whose teeth are fused to form a beak strong enough to bite a fish hook in two |
| porcupine fish | reef fish that inhales water to enlarge itself causing it's spines to stick out which deters the predator |
| wrasse | this small fish helps other fish by eating bothersome parasites that grow in/on the larger fish |
| blenny | mimics the wrasse but will bite the larger fish |
| moray eel | a fish that looks like a snake |
| sea horse | fish covered in bony rings or plates; the father carries the babies in a pouch |
| stonefish | the most poisonous fish in the world |
| blubber | thick layer of fat under some sea animals skin which keeps them warm |
| What makes a whale a mammal? | lungs; warm-blooded; skin; babies born alive under water; give milk |
| pinnipeds | "wing-footed" animal |
| walrus | live near North Pole; with blunt foreheads, wide snouts and long tusks. |
| eared seals | has small outer ears; fur seals and sea lions |
| true seals | no outer ears |
| sea otters | intelligent enough to use rocks as tools to open mussels |
| wandering albatross | largest of all flying birds; wingspan is 12 feet |
| rookery | penguin colony |
| emperor penguin | is the tallest of all penguins |
| penguins | live mostly near the continent of Antarctica |
| ecology | science that studies the complex relationships between living things and their surroundings |
| oceanographer | scientists who study the sea |
| elephant seal | largest of all pinnipeds |
| baby whales | are born underwater |
| Water vapor is not salty because | as ocean water evaporates it leaves behind most of its dissolved salts and minerals |
| The ocean helps to moderate the world's climate because | the temperature of the sea does not change as quickly as the temperature of the land; so the ocean helps to warm the land in winter and to cool it in summer, it makes the climate less extreme |
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