| Term | Definition |
| Flexion | To decrease the angle of a joint |
| Extension | To increase the angle of a joint |
| Hyperextension | Extending a joint beyond its range |
| Abduction | To move the arm or leg away from the body |
| Adduction | To move the arm or leg toward the body |
| Eversion | An outward movement of the foot at the ankle joint |
| Inversion | An inward movement of the foot at the ankle joint |
| Supination | Rotation of hand into the anatomical position (palm up) |
| Pronation | Rotation of hand with the palm down |
| Plantar | Refers to the sole of foot (posterior) |
| Dorsum/dorsum pedis | Refers to the top of the foot (anterior) |
| Palmar (volar) | Refers to the palm of the hand |