World History 2 Unit Study Guide: Totalitarianism
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Allegory | symbolic representation |
| Tsar/Czar | The Russian emperor |
| Nicholas II | the last czar of Russia who was forced to abdicate in 1917 by the Russian Revolution |
| Duma | Russian national legislature |
| Rasputin | Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II |
| Intelligentsia | the intelligent and educated classes |
| Karl Marx | founder of modern communism |
| Abdicate | to give up power |
| Provisional government | a temporary government |
| soviet | Council of workers and soldiers set up by Russian revolutionaries in 1917 |
| Bolsheviks | Led by Vladimir Lenin it was the Russian communist party that took over the Russian goverment during WWI |
| Vladimir Lenin | Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924) |
| Leon Trotsky | Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army |
| Joseph Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) |
| "peace, land, bread" | Lenin gained support by promising reforms: an end to WWI, land reform, and an end to food shortages |
| red army | The Soviet Army during the Russian Civil War. |
| white army | Russians who opposed Lenin and the Bolsheviks. |
| Russian civil war | a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. |
| command economy | An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy. |
| Kulak | wealthy peasant in the Soviet Union |
| collectives | large farms owned and operated by peasants as a group |
| five year plan | Stalin's economic policy to rebuild the Soviet economy after WWI. tried to improve heavy industry and improve farm output, but resulted in famine |
| great purge | a campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened Stalin's power |
| gulag | Forced labor camps set up by Stalin for political dissidents. |
| totalitarian state | country where a single party controls the government and every aspect of the lives of the people |
| socialist realism | artistic style whose goal was to promote socialism by showing Soviet life in a positive light |
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