iOS5 App Development Basics
About this set
Created by:
klp1958 Teacher on March 6, 2012
Subjects:
Description:
The essentials about iOS application development for iPhone/iPad/iTouch
Classes:
APP's for Handheld Devices, iching, TCA MApps: iPhone/iPad/Objective-C
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248 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Used to test an app without needing an actual physical device | iOS Simulator |
| Allows you to easily track multiple versions of your project | Snapshot feature |
| IDE for iPhone Development | Xcode |
| API | "Application Programming Interface" |
| Dimensions of iPhone (in points) | 320 x 480 |
| Dimensions of iPad (in points) | 1024 x 768 |
| RAM for iPhone | 512MB |
| Extension for an iPhone/iPad app | xcodeproj |
| Language used to write iOS apps | Objective-C |
| Defines the functional building blocks (classes) that make iOS devices perform certain actions | Cocoa Touch |
| Collection of interface elements and data storage elements etc you can access from your applications | Cocoa Touch |
| iOS functional building blocks | Classes |
| Development approach (design pattern) to structure iOS applications | Model-View-Controller |
| MVC | Model-View-Controller |
| IDE | "Integrated Development Environment" |
| OOP | Object-oriented programming |
| Defines what an object can do | class |
| Class that builds upon another class | subclass |
| Class that another class inherits from | superclass |
| Process of creating an active object from a class | instantiation |
| Calling a method is the same as... | ...sending an object a message |
| Storage location for a piece of information | variable |
| Storage place for a piece of information specific to a class | instance variable |
| Piece of information provided to a method when it is messaged | parameter |
| Way to refer to an object within its own methods | self |
| Master class in iOS | NSObject |
| Objective-C is an extension (super set) of... | ...C |
| Files used to create a class | interface and implementation files |
| Extension for interface file | h |
| Extension for implementation file | m |
| Synonym for interface file | header |
| Used to define a list of all methods and properties a class uses | interface file |
| This file contains the code that makes everything 'work' | implementation file |
| Directive to include other interface files that an application might need to access | import |
| Syntax to include the fictitious user-created file: 'myFile.h' | #import "myFile.h" |
| Syntax to include UIKIT in a class | #import <UIKIT/UIKIT.h> |
| Delimiter for a list of protocols | <> |
| Syntax for single-line comment | //blah blah blah |
| Syntax for block-comment | /*blah blah blah */ |
| A class that implements a protocol is said to ____ to that protocol | conform |
| Given: #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface WelcomeViewController : UIViewController @end The superclass for WelcomeViewController | UIViewController |
| Symbol used for inheritance | : |
| Companion to the @property directive | @synthesize |
| getters | accessors |
| setters | mutators |
| Something the simulator cannot reliably test | performance |
| Used to set up an outgoing connection from the implementation code to the view | IBOutlet |
| Term used to describe each screen of an iPhone app | view |
| Framework used to write iPhone apps | Cocoa Touch |
| Used to receive an event in code and trigger something | IBAction |
| Document Apple uses to evaluate apps for the App Store | Human Interface Guide |
| This type of app is typically one screen, and gives you the basics with minimal interaction | utility |
| These define to which messages the datasource and delegate respond | protocols |
| This type of app typically involves hierarchical data | productivity |
| This type of app is mostly custom controllers and graphics | immersive |
| Other name for an *.xib file | nibfile |
| To use a new class you need to _____ it | instantiate |
| The '@' symbol is shorthand for creating one of these | NSString |
| A tool in Xcode to help fix broken code | debugger |
| The HIG requires some kind of _____ element in a cell if there is more information available | disclosure |
| strong and nonatomic are examples of ... | attributes |
| Attribute that informs the system that the object referred to needs to be kept around and not discarded from memory | strong |
| Attribute that informs Xcode not to worry about different parts of the application using a property at the same time | nonatomic |
| Denotes a class method | + |
| Denotes an instance method | - |
| Return type indicating a method returns nothing | void |
| Used to indicate any type of object | id |
| Closes an interface file | @end |
| Syntax for declaring a variable | <type> <variableName>; |
| Data type for whole numbers | int |
| Data type for numbers with 'tame' numbers of decimal points | float |
| Data type for highly precise numbers with huge numbers of decimal places | double |
| Syntax for declaring a string called 'userName' | NSString *userName; |
| Syntax for reserving memory and initializing an object | [[<class name> alloc] init]; |
| Write a statement to declare and initialize a label object called 'myLabel' | UILabel *myLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init]; |
| Write a statement to declare and initialize a label object called 'myLabel' to "GO!" | UILabel *myLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithString:@"GO!"]; |
| Apple's classes often provide a special initialization method called a _____ method | convenience |
| Consider: int x = 6; int y = 7; float quotient = (float) x/y; The statement that creates the variable 'quotient' is an example of .... | casting |
| Syntax for sending an object a message with no parameters | [<object variable> <method name>]; |
| Syntax for sending an object a message with one parameter (p1) | [<object variable> <method name>: p1]; |
| If a method name includes a colon (:) this indicates a required _________ | parameter |
| Indicates a lack of any value at all | nil |
| Tests to see whether two values are equal | == |
| Tests to see whether two values are not equal | != |
| Implements a logical AND condition | && |
| Implements a logical OR condition | || |
| Name of the '|' symbol | pipe |
| Negation symbol | ! |
| Two-way selection logic block | if(<boolean condition>){ /* stuff to do*/ } else{ /*stuff to do*/ } |
| Alternative selection mechanism when many conditions exist | switch |
| Fixed iteration repetition control structure syntax | for(<initialization>;<test condition>;<update instruction>){ /*do this over and over*/ } |
| Shortcut for writing: count = count + 1; | count++; |
| Shortcut for writing: x = x - 1; | x--; |
| Shortcut for writing: y = y * 5; | y *= 5; |
| Precondition repetition structure syntax | while(<boolean expression>){ /*stuff to do here*/ } |
| Postcondition repetition structure syntax | do{ /*stuff to do here*/ }while(<boolean expression>); |
| Prior to ARC, you used these terms alot | retain, release, dealloc, autorelease |
| Another name for format specification | token |
| Method used to print information in an output panel | NSLog |
| Declare and initialize a string that says: "Hello World" whose identifier if 'phrase' . Use the shortest command possible. | NSString *phrase = @"Hello World"; |
| Symbol often denoting a 'pointer' | * |
| NS stands for... | NeXSTEP |
| What's the difference between Cocoa and Cocoa Touch? | Cocoa is the development framework used for most native Mac OS X applications; Cocoa Touch is customized for a touch interface |
| 4 Top down technology layers making up iOS | Cocoa Touch, Media, Core Services, Core OS |
| The first method called when a user taps an application icon | main() |
| True or false: Beginning with iOS4, applications no longer terminate when the user presses the Home button | true |
| Every iOS application implements a subclass of _________ | UIApplication |
| The ________ class provided a container for the management and display of views | UIWindow |
| Class of strings that can be changed | NSMutableString |
| ______ enable applications to store multiple pieces of information in a single object | Collections |
| An example of a common collection data type | NSArray |
| Always used to end the list of objects when initializing an array | nil |
| Class that creates an array capable of being changed after it is create | NSMutableArray |
| Class of collection data type which stores information as object/key pairs | NSDictionary |
| Class used to work with dates as objects | NSDate |
| Class that allows URL management | NSURL |
| Single line text field | UITextField |
| Multiline text entry block | UITextView |
| Resembles a slot machine display | UIPicker |
| Opens the Xcode Quick Help Assistant | Option-click a symbol |
| The object currently in control and interacting with the user | First Responder |
| The name of the panel to the left of the Interface Builder Editor panel | Document Outline Area or Outline View |
| The Round Rect Button is found in this library | Object Library |
| What do the Autosizing settings of the Size Inspector do? | Determine how controls resize/reposition themselves when a device changes orientation |
| You have two labels in Interface Builder. One is selected (You clicked on it). How can you tell the distance between it and the other label? | Hold down the Option key and point to the other label. The distance will be shown |
| The Inspector you would use to tweak the way interface objects appear | Attributes Inspector |
| The Inspector you would use to control your layout in Interface Builder | Size Inspector |
| IB | "Interface Builder" |
| The Inspector you would access to gain access to various accessibility attributes | Identity Inspector |
| Word used to indicate that a user can't interact with a given element | static |
| Another name for a 'button bar' | segmented control |
| An integrated web browser component | web view |
| A skeleton (holding place) or framework of code that will be completed in the future; provided initially so code will compile (but it may not function) | stub |
| The Inspector you will need if you want to connect a custom class to an object in Interface Builder | Identity Inspector |
| Apps written to assist users with special disabilities | accessible apps |
| In the MVC design pattern for iOS apps, this aspect provides the underlying data and methods that offer information to the rest of the application | model |
| In the MVC design pattern for iOS apps, this aspect consists of the various onscreen 'widgets' a user can interact with | view |
| In the MVC design pattern for iOS apps, this aspect is responsible for receiving user input and acting accordingly, and serves as a 'bridge' between the other two components. It is the backbone of the app. | controller |
| The goal of the MVC design pattern | Isolate the functional components of an app |
| An _______ is used to enable your code to talk to objects within views | IBOutlet |
| True or false: Although it is possible to declare an instance variable and then define a corresponding property, you may also use @property alone to implicitly declare a matching instance variable | true |
| Creates 'getters' and 'setters' | @synthesize directive |
| An _______ is used to 'advertise' a method in your code that should be called when a certain event takes place | IBAction |
| Declaring a method in an interface file, before it is actually implemented is called _______ the method | prototyping |
| What event do you use to detect a button tap? | Touch Up Inside |
| Which Apple project template creates a simple view/view controller application | Single View Application |
| What is the relationship between storyboards, scenes, views, and view controllers? | A scene is where you edit a view and assign a controller to it. Storyboards are the files that contain all the scenes you will use in a project. |
| SDK | "Software Development Kit" |
| Extension for MainStoryboard | storyboard |
| Purpose of the "Auto-enable Return Key" attribute for text fields | Disables the Return key on the keyboard unless the user has entered at least a single character of input into the field |
| Purpose of "Secure" attribute for text fields | Treats the field as a password, hiding each character as it is typed |
| What are data detectors? | Attribute settings for some onscreen controls (like text areas) that analyze content and provide helpful links based on what they find. For example, phone numbers can be touched to dial the phone; web addresses can launch Safari if tapped, etc |
| A common button type that indicates additional information is available | detail disclosure |
| Recommended image type for button graphics | png |
| How do you show a storyboard file as source code? | Right-click on it in the Navigator panel and choose "Open as..." and select "Source Code" |
| What computer language is the storyboard written in? | XML |
| Key sequence to open the Project Navigator (left panel) | Command+1 |
| For a text field, what does the "Clear Button" look like? | Gray circle with a white "X" in it, positioned to the right of the text field box |
| How do you get rid of an onscreen keyboard? | Send the 'resignFirstResponder' message to the object that currently controls the keyboard (such as a text field) |
| XML | eXtensible Markup Language |
| Used to display image file resources and show simple animations | image view |
| Class used for creating image views | UIImageView |
| Under what circumstances would you need an outlet for a button if it's just needed to trigger an action? | To provide a convenient way of setting the button's title in the code |
| Key sequence to open the Attributes Inspector | Option+Command+4 |
| Property affecting an element's transparency | alpha |
| A fully opaque image has an _______ property value of ______ | alpha ... 1 |
| A fully transparent image has an _____ property value of _____ | alpha ... 0 |
| If you have an image file called 'myImage.png' and you make a hi-res version for the retina display, what should be the name of the new file? | myImage@2x.png |
| Scaling factor to make an image suitable for retina display | 2 |
| File name suffix indicating an image is suitable for retina display | @2x |
| This element should 'always' accompany a slider to indicate its purpose | label |
| In a stepper control, when this attribute option is checked, the stepper's value is automatically set to the minimum value when the maximum value is exceeded (or vice versa). | wrap |
| Boolean for 'true' in Objective-C | YES |
| Boolean for 'false' in Objective-C | NO |
| Expression to create a random number in [0,20]; | rand( )%21 |
| Modulus (remainder) operator | % |
| Formatting placeholder for strings | %@ |
| Formatting placeholder for integers | %d |
| Formatting placeholder for a floating point value with one digit on the left of the decimal and two digits on the right | %1.2f |
| What property needs to be set before a scroll view (UIScrollView) will scroll? | contentSize |
| What type of object does a web view expect as a parameter when loading a remote URL? | NSURLRequest |
| Define a collection of methods to perform a task | protocols |
| A class that manages the user's interaction with the iDevice | view controller |
| The visual layout that a user sees on the screen | view |
| A unique combination of view controller and view | scene |
| A transition between scenes, frequently with a visual transition effect applied | segue |
| A view that is displayed on top of an original view when user interactions are required | modal views |
| This file contains the scene, segue and relationship definitions for your project | storyboard |
| Correct the error: label.text = "Hello World !"; | label.text=@"Hello World!"; |
| Character used to show an element as a literal string | @ |
| Crash statement likely when an NSString is assigned a value with an incorrect format | Program received signal: EXC_BAD_ACCESS |
| Key sequence to save an Xcode file | Command+S |
| Key sequence to run an app in Xcode | Command+R |
| Name of the drop-down menu in Xcode that lets you select the device used with the iOS Simulator | Scheme |
| A file folder in the navigator panel is called a ________ | Group |
| Key sequence to hide/show Navigator View | Command+0 |
| Key sequence to hide/show Utilities View | Option+Command+ 0 |
| Key sequence to hide/show the Assistant Editor | Option+Command+Return |
| Key sequence on a Mac to select between open application | Command + Tab |
| Key sequence to open the Standard Editor | Command+Return |
| Connections between Objects in the Interface Builder and the header file are formed by _____-_______ from the object to the proper place in the header file | control-dragging |
| UI | User Interface |
| Proper way to pronounce a *.xib file | Nib (but a few call it 'zib' but that's not preferred) |
| Any 'directive' statement begins with this symbol | @ |
| True or false: iPhone and iPad do not support .png transparency | true |
| Size of iPhone 'lo-res" icon image in pixels | 57 x 57 |
| Size of iPhone retina icon image in pixels | 114 x 114 |
| 'plist' stands for... | property list |
| This keyword in the property directive is related to the concept of mutability and basically asks Apple to handle the details. This is the more 'relaxed' , less 'powerful' setting of two possibilities | nonatomic |
| This keyword in the property directive is related to memory management and refers to the idea that we want to maintain control of memory issues | retain |
| You have an instance variable called 'myLabel' that is a member of UILabel. In an app, you set it's text property to "Howdy" with the correctly-written command: myLabel.text = @"Howdy"; Re-write this command using [ ] message-sending syntax | [myLabel setText:@"Howdy"]; |
| In the US, the '#' symbol is often called the ____ symbol | pound |
| In the UK, the '#' symbol is often called the ____ symbol | hash |
| Data type for true/false type variables | bool |
| Typical header syntax for a button that will be applying the 'moveMe' action in an app | - (IBAction)moveMe:(id)sender; |
| @property directives should be placed ____ (above or below) any IBActions in the header file | above |
| @synthesize directives should be placed _____ (above or below) the @implementation directive in the implementation file | below |
| In your implementation file, the _____ method (provided in stub form by Apple) runs after machine language code reserves some space in memory for your View. This method is often used to create a 'clean slate' as an app opens. | viewDidLoad |
| Write a line of code creating a pointer to a wall paper image called 'wp1' that refers to a resource in an app with the file name 'wallPaper_01.png' | UIImage *wp1 = [UIImage imageNamed:@"wallPaper_01.png"]; |
| An array of background images called 'bgImages' has been declared as an instance variable in your header file. You have created a set of 5 background images stored in UIImage variables wp1 through wp5. Write a line of code that initializes the array. | bgImages = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects: wp1, wp2, wp3, wp4, wp5, nil]; |
| Scaling, rotation, and translation are the most commonly used manipulations supported by _____ transforms, but skewing is also possible. | affine |
| Class used for image manipulations such as scaling, rotation and translation. Its data structure represents a matrix used for affine transformations. | CGAffineTransform |
| A view has a 'Shrink' button whose label needs to change once it is clicked to 'Grow'. Write a 'message' type command to change it's label to 'Grow' | [shrinkButton setTitle:@"Grow" forState: UIControlStateNormal]; |
| An app has boolean variables 'hasShrunk' and 'hasMoved'. Write a boolean condition that checks if each are true | hasShrunk==YES && hasMoved == YES |
| This Xcode utility allows you to check CPU usage, memory allocation and network/file access (among other things) | Instruments |
| A virtual 'box' for organizing related projects | workspace |
| You are creating an app for a company whose URL is http://www.fannypackapps.com . What should be the company identifier for the app when you begin the project? | com.fannypackapps |
| What are the guidelines for the class prefix for a project? | Something unique, based on the app's name (perhaps abbreviated). Avoid 'NS' or 'UI' since they are used in Apple's frameworks. A framework or library should always be prefixed. For a simple app, they are not necessary. |
| Apps that provide easy access to a single screen of information with a backside view for modifying preferences | Utility apps |
| If you wish to 'echo print' breadcrumb info as you develop your app, this panel must be visible | The Console area of the Debug area |
| The 'First Responder' in a scene is not an object it is considered a ________ | proxy |
| To zoom between an overview of the entire storyboard and the actual size view, ______ the storyboard background. | Double-click |
| To unroll or roll up a hierarchy of files, objects or classes, you click the ______ _______ at the root element | disclosure triangle |
| ______ are variables that can store a ____ to an object. | Outlets ... pointer |
| _____ are methods that we can connect to events. | Actions |
| ______ and ______ define the connections between scenes. | Seques .... relationships |
| In most graphical user interfaces, a _____ view is a view that must be dismissed ('OK' button, 'Cancel' button for example) before the user can perform any other actions in the application. | modal |
| Code fragment for echo printing the name of a function as it loads (for tracing the sequence of code in a project...leaving breadcrumbs) | NSLog(@"%s", __FUNCTION__); |
| An alternative way to see the connections between an object in the Interface Builder and it's code in Xcode without using the Connections inspector | Control-click on the View Controller's icon to bring up a Connections dialog |
| The bar across the top of the Editor area that shows you the item you are editing | Jump Bar |
| The Utilities area has two sections: ______ and ______ | inspector and library |
| The library that contains the objects you can add to a view or XIB file | Object library |
| Templates fill in a bunch of ______-_______ code that serves as a framework in which to write future implementations | boiler-plate |
| "Build and run" keyboard shortcut | Commmand-R |
| Memory aid for keyboard shortcuts in the Navigator panel | Command plus the navigator's position in the selector. For example, the project navigator shortcut is Command-1 |
| You have created some 'breadcrumbs' using NSLog to trace the path of your code, and the debug area is open, yet you see no information in the panel. What's the problem and what is the solution? | Look at the three icons at the upper left portion of the Debug console. The far left one, "Show only the Variables View" will not show the NSLog-ed information. Click the center icon ("Show the Variables View and the Console") or the right icon ("Show only the Console") and you will see your logged information. |
| Combining two messages into a single line of code | nested message send |
| Given: [graduationParty addAttendee: @"Aunt Jane" withDish: @"deviled eggs"]; The 'receiver' is _______; the 'selector' is _________ | graduationParty ... addAttendee:withDish |
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