Science Unit C Section 1 Grade 9

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Created by:

WorldV-U on March 6, 2012

Subjects:

science, chemicals, harm, support, environment

Description:

It is basically about chemicals being used to help us function or that can harm us but anyway its for a test that I have Thursday. There may be some terms you recognize from my other sets. WARNING IT IS LONG!!!! GOD BLESS YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! (see more)

Classes:

first year sc 2012

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Science Unit C Section 1 Grade 9

Term First Both Sides

Elements

Pure substances that cannot be broken down into other substances.

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58 terms

Terms	Definitions
Elements	Pure substances that cannot be broken down into other substances.
Cycle	Water changes state as it moves through ecosystems. What is the repeating changes of these elements and water as they move through ecosystems?
Nitrogen Fixation	_____________________is the process of changing free nitrogen so that nitrogen atoms can combine with other elements to form compounds that organisms can use.
Decomposers	Who's role is it to break down large nitrogen-containing molecules in dead organisms and animal waste into simpler nitrogen compounds in the soil?
Pollution	Any change in the environment that produces a condition in the environment that produces a condition that is harmful to living things is called what?
Issue	A subject of importance about which people have strong conflicting points of view is what?
Fertilizer	What is a substance that enriches soil so that plants can grow better?
Pest	________ is an organism that harms people, crops or structures.
Pesticides	What are chemicals used to kill pests called? Hint: They are grouped according to the pest they kill.
Herbicides	What is substances used to kill or control weeds?
Insecticides	What are used to kill or control insects?
Fungicides	What are used to kill fungi?
Sanitary Landfills	What is site that is specially built to prevent waste chemicals from moving into the soil and uses plastic liners and compacted clay to prevent solutions from entering the soil and the groundwater?
Sewage	________is waste water containing dissolved and undissolved materials from your kitchen, bathroom and laundry.
Septic Tank	What is an underground container where bacteria break down the organic materials before they are moved out to the soil
Sewage Treatment Plant	____________treats wastes from homes, businesses, industries and institutions.
Effluent	What is another name for treated water?
Storm Sewers	What are large pipes that carries runoff water from yards and streets directly into a river, lake or ocean (without being treated)
Fossil Fuels	Fuel formed from dead plants and animals that includes coal, oil and natural gas is called what?
Sour Gas	A natural gas that contains hydrogen sulfide is called what?
Sweet Gas	A natural gas that does not contain hydrogen sulfide is called what?
Acid	What is a compound that dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH of 7 or lower?
pH scale	It measures the percent of hydrogen ions in a solution or indicates a substances level of acidity. Ranging from a scale of 0 to 14.
0	What is the number on the pH scale that indicates that something is very acidic?
14	What is the number on the pH scale that indicates that something is very basic?
7	What is the number on the pH scale that indicates that something is neutral?
Base	What is a compound that dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH of 7 or higher?
Neutral	What is a compound that dissolves in water to form a solution with a pH of 7?
Neutralization	What is the reaction of a base and acid that produces water and a solid compound called a salt called?
Salt	What is the compound produced when a base and acid react together?
Organic Compounds	What is a compound that contains the element carbon called?
Inorganic Compounds	What is a compound that doesn't contain the element carbon called?
Nutrients	What are elements and compounds that organisms need for living, growing and reproducing called?
Macronutrients	What are nutrients that we need at relatively large amounts called?
Micronutrients	What are nutrients that we need at relatively small amounts called?
Optimum Amount	What is the term used to describe the amount that provides organisms with the best health?
Carbohydrates	What are organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen called?
Lipids	What are organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen that includes fats, oils and waxes called?
Proteins	What are organic compounds made up of amino acids that contains the atoms nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen and carbon called?
Enzymes	What is the catalyst involved in chemical reactions in living things called?
Nucleic Acids	What is the most complicated and largest molecules found in cells of living organisms that is made up of phosphates, sugar called ribose and nitrogen-containing bases called?
Substrate	What is a surface in which an organism lives and moves called?
Lightning	There are 2 ways that nitrogen fixation can occur, one is bacteria. What is the other way?
False	True or False. Are Carbohydrates primarily used used to store unused energy?
Break Down	Hydrolysis is a reaction of a substance with water; "hydro" means water. What does "lysis" mean?
Nitrogen	There are 3 elements found in fertilizers, 2 of them are potassium and phosphorus. What is the third element?
Digestion	What is the process of breaking down chemicals in food into nutrients called?
Non-Pest	Some pesticides are not selective—they kill both pest and ___-____ species.
Hydrocarbons	Substances that are mainly made out of hydrogen and carbon are called what?
Diffusion	What is the process in which MOLECULES move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration called?
Osmosis	What is a type of diffusion in which WATER MOLECULES moves across a membrane from an area with more water molecules to an area with fewer water molecules called?
Active Transport	What is the process in which plant cells use energy to move nutrients from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration called?
Ingestion	What is the process by which we take food into our bodies called?
Aspirin	Hippocrates, known as the 'Father of Medicine', recommended willow bark be used to treat pain and fever. First Nations people used willow bark to make a medicinal tea. Willow bark acts like as what?
Metabolism	Carbohydrates is the organic compound that is an energy source for __________
Enzymes	Special protein molecules that regulate chemical reactions in living organisms are...
Transport Oxygen	Iron is a crucial part of red blood cells, what is its job?
Monoculture	The planting of only 1 crop increases the chances of disease spreading through the entire crop. This type of farming practice is called what?