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Normal heart rate 60-80 bpm bradychardia less than 60 bpm tachychardia above 100 bpm maximum heart rate 200 bpm normal blood pressure 120/80 blood pressure the amount of force against your arterial walls high blood pressure 140/90 systolic top number of blood pressure the amount of pressure when the heart is beating diastolic bottom number of blood pressure the amount of pressure when the heart is at rest cholesterol fatty plaque that builds up in the arteries cholesterol leads to high blood pressure cholesterol comes from genes or food controllable risk factors of cholesterol diet exercise stress harmful habits uncontrollable risk factors of cholesterol age gender genetics CVD coronary vascular disease consent vs implied consent consent: person is able to respond, must ask for permission implied: person is unresponsive Body temperature 98.6 degrees CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation EMS emergency medical services AED automatic electronic defibrillator Good Samaritan Law prevents a rescuer who has voluntarily helped a stranger in need from being sued from wrong doing. You are protected if you are: 1. reasonably careful 2. act in good faith/ no reward 3. act within your scope of practice SAMPLE Signs/ symptoms allergies medicines past history last time you are or drank events- what were you doing when you started to feel ill? Angina temporary coronary arteries constrict symptoms: sharp chest pain shortness of breath pale induced by: sudden stress or exercise Brain Attack aka stroke TIA= small stroke clot in brain symptoms: sudden severe headache vision blurred/ loss of vision speech slurred inability to speak facial muscle droop weakness paralysis on one side unresponsive Coronary heart attack symptoms: crushing, heavy, tight chest pain shortness of breath pale sweaty nausea heart burn indigestion pain that radiates down left arm across shoulders left jaw pain denial Treatable (but repeatable) STDs syphilis chlamydia gonorrhea trich crabs Not curable STDs Herpes HPV HIV Hep B STDs can result in cancer AIDs death PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) cervical cancer infertility STD Transmission vaginal fluds pre-ejaculate semen abnormal discharge STD Prevention abstinence communication condoms avoid sex under the influence get tested STD symptoms warts sores pain discharge Incubation period from the time of initial infection until you show signs For HIV: 10-15 years Test for HIV western blot or elisa Stages of HIV/AIDS 1. Initial infection 2. asymptomatic (no visible symptoms) 3. sickness 4. AIDS symptoms of AIDS T-cell count lower than 200 opportunistic disease: toxoplasmosis dimentia PCP (pneumonia) KS (purple lesions) AIDS timeline first documented case: 1981 all blood in blood banks thrown away- 1985 factor 8 infected blood in blood banks that was given to hemophiliacs HIV Transmission unclean needles: drugs, tattoos, unclean blood drawings GRID gay related immune disease High risk behaviors sexual contact blood transfusion/ blood contact HIV+ mother>child (birth or breast-feeding) AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome HIV Human Immunodeficiency virus communicable disease able to pass to someone else treatment for AIDS anti-retro-viral drugs hydrogen saturated fat is filled with polyunsaturated fat a "good fat" one monounsaturated fats have how many double bonds in their fatty acid chains cholesterol the waxy soft substance found among the fats in the body and around cells 5-6 ounces Recommended daily intake of meat and beans glycerol the alcohol made up of a three carbon chain and serves as a backbone for a trigylceride copper this mineral contributes to skin and hair color chloride this mineral is poisonous in its elemental form but not when it reacts with sodium or hydrogen trace minerals Molybdenum, fluorine, and zinc are fluoride this mineral decreases tooth decay osteoporosis disease characterized by weak bones vitamin a deficiency of what vitamin is characterized by poor night vision Fat soluble vitamins vitamins K, A, and E thiamin Alcoholics can suffer from amino acids building blocks of protein 50-175 grams recommended amount of protein Six best defenses Accountability, awareness, safety in numbers, sobriety, distance, and trust your intuitions 5 most dangerous places for women home, work, parking lots/garages, on the road, jogging/ bike paths victim, criminal, and opportunity crime triangle survival #1 goal as a victim of rape 261 rape is under penal code Megan's law sexual offenders must register and are available to view online SART sexual assault response team stimulants cocaine, crack, amphetamines, caffeine, nicotine, ritalin depressants alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers, metha-qualone hallucinogens LSD, phencyclidine abuse frequent, regular use of large amounts of a substance addiction daily (possibly hourly) use, physical/ psychological dependence, loss of control Fetal Alcohol Syndrome the mother drank while she was pregnant and the child suffers with mental retardation, tremors, ADD, deafness, heart failure, and many other problems Fetal Alcohol Effects the mother drank while she was pregnant, but the child only suffers some effects of FAS, not all 4,000 Amount of chemicals in cigarettes