| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Threats to internal validity | History, maturation, testing, instrumentation, statistical regression, differential selection, experimental mortality, selection-maturation interaction, experimental treatment diffusion, compensatory rivalry by the control group, compensatory equalization of treatments |
| Threats to external validity | explicit description of eperimental treatment, multiple-treatment interference, hawthorne effect, experimenter effect, novelty and disruption effects, pretest sensitization, posttest sensitization, interaction of history and treatment effects, measurement of dependent variable, interaction of time measurement and treatment effects |
| Single group designs | One shot case study, one group pretest-posttest design, time series design |
| Experimental Designs | use control groups and random assignment, pre and posttest control gropu design, posttest only control group design, single factor multiple treatment designs, solomon 4-group design, factorial design |
| Solomon 4-group design | combines pretest-posttest with pretest only, and posttest only designs |
| Quasi-experimental design | Almost true scientific design but the participants aren't randomly assigned. |
| Causal comparative and correlational research | has no manipulation of variables, no cause and effect outcomes |
| Causal comparative | uses group comparisons |
| Correlational research | provides the magnitude of the relationship between two variables |
| Types of variables in CC&CR | Inherent characteristics, characteristics that should not be manipulated for ethical reasons, other characteristics not usually manipulated |
| Steps for conducting CC research | identify research problem, self defined group and comparative group, collect data on independent and dependent variables, analyze and interpret data |
| Correlational Research uses | prediction studies and relationship studies |
| Correlation coefficient | continuous scale variables = pearson product-moment, rank level data = spearman's rho, nominal data = biserial |
| Steps for conducting CR relationship studies | identify problem, variables, research participants. collect data, analyze data and interpret results |
| Steps for conducting CR prediction studies | identify problem, variables, research participants, collect data, time delay between predictor variable and criterion variable, analyze data and interpret results |
| types of surveys | simple descriptive, cross-sectional, longitudinal |
| data collection methods | mail, telephone, personal interviews, email, web-based surveys, combination |
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